FB-2951 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2951 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Cypriniformes Leuciscidae Scardinius Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus, 1758) Sorv Sørv Søv Sorkh Baleh Sorkh Pareh Wzdrega wzdręga Wzdrega a. krasnopiórka Çafri Lloska pendëkuqe Lloska-ë Chervenoperka Cervenica Červenice Červenička Červenka Červenopeřice Merlín Perlín obecný Perlín ostrobrichý Perlín ostrobřichý Perlin rudoploutvy Perlín rudoploutvý Rudoun Šenkýřka Zruka Pysgodyn rhudd Almindelig rudskalle Rudskalle Förm Förn Furn Fürn Gelbauge Kotaschel Kümmerer Nersling Rohrkarpfen Rodde Roddow Rötel Rotengele Rotfeder Rotflosse Rotflosser Rotie;em Rotkarpfen Rotschwanz Rotschweif Rouflößchen Ruden Scharl Schaul Unecht rotauge Pearl roach Redeye Rudd Harilik roosärg roosärg Sorva About Gardon carpe Gardon de roche Gardon rouge Louzou Plate Platelle Rossard Rotengle Rothfeden Rottle Sergent Suce-roseaux קרפיון אדום סנפיר Crvenperka vörösszárnyú keszeg Scardola rudulis raudė Dojranska letnica Krasnoperka Красноперка красноперка Crvenperka Cervenica obycajná Sarv Kızılkanat Kizilkanat baligi Краснопірка Краснопірка звичайна Escardinio Gardí Deargan Kokkinoftera Platitsa Rdeceperka Rdečeperka Rietvoorn Rosioara Roşioară Αγριοτσιρώνι Καραπλατίτσα Κοκκινοφτέρα Κοκκινοφτέρι Κοκκινοφτερίτσα Ξοβρέσα Παπαδιά Πετροτσιρώνι Πλατίτσα Τσερνίτσα Τσερνούχα Кызыл канат ماهي چشم قرمز 紅眼魚 红眼鱼 Cyprinus caeruleus (Yarrell, 1837) Cyprinus compressus Hollberg, 1822 Cyprinus erythrophthalmus Linnaeus, 1758 Cyprinus erythrops Pallas, 1814 Cyprinus fuscus Vallot, 1837 Cyprinus scardula Nardo, 1827 Leuciscus apollonitis Richardson, 1857 Leuciscus caeruleus Yarrell, 1837 Leuciscus erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus, 1758) Leuciscus scardafa (non Bonaparte, 1837) Rutilus erythrophthalmus scardata (non Bonaparte, 1837) Scardinius crocophthalmus Walecki, 1863 Scardinius dergle (non Heckel & Kner, 1858) Scardinius erithrophthalmus (Linnaeus, 1758) Scardinius eruthrophthalmus (Linnaeus, 1758) Scardinius erythrophtalmus (Linnaeus, 1758) Scardinius erythrophthalmus achrus Stephanidis, 1950 Scardinius erythrophthalmus racovitzai Müller, 1958 Scardinius erythrophthalmus rutiloides Vladykov, 1931 Scardinius erythrophthalmus var. dojranensis Karan, 1924 Scardinius hesperidicus (non Bonaparte, 1845) Scardinius macrophthalmus Heckel & Kner, 1858 Scardinius platizza Heckel, 1845 Scardinius plotizza (non Heckel & Kner, 1858) Scardinius scardafa (non Bonaparte, 1837) Scardinius scardafa ohridana Vladykov & Petit, 1930 1991-05-01 2017-05-05 Breder, C.M. and D.E. 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(Ref. 137577) FB-GeneralDescr-2951 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-01 00:00:00 2025-12-09 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2951 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Adults occur mainly in nutrient-rich, well vegetated lowland rivers, backwaters, oxbows, ponds and lakes. They feed mainly on plankton, terrestrial insects and plant material. Breeding occurs on roots or submerged plants. They can adapt to unfavorable environmental condition (Ref. 59043). Colorless or pale yellow eggs are found attached to vegetation in shallow water (Ref. 41678). Consumed fresh (Ref. 30578). They are threatened due to the introduction of other species (Ref. 26100). Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof 2007 Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043) FB-DiagnosticDescr-2951 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1999-10-21 00:00:00 2010-06-16 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2951 Distinguished from its congeners in Europe by the following combination of characters: 39-42 scales along lateral line; anal fin with 10-13½ branched rays; 9-12 gill rakers; dorsal head profile straight or slightly convex, snout pointing forward, tip at or slightly above level of middle of eye; back not humped behind nape; eye bit close to dorsal head profile when viewed laterally; articulation of lower jaw in front of anterior margin of eye; head and body compressed, head width 13-14% SL; head length 24-28% SL; caudal peduncle depth 1.5-2.0 times in its length, 11-12% SL; and all fins with reddish hue, pelvic fin deep red (Ref. 59043).Caudal fin with 18-19 rays (Ref. 2196) Spillman, C.-J. 1961 Faune de France: Poissons d'eau douce. Fédération Française des Sociétés Naturelles,Tome 65. Paris. 303 p. (Ref. 2196) FB-Morphology-2951 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1999-10-21 00:00:00 2010-06-16 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2951 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Dorsal spines (total): 3; Dorsal soft rays (total): 8 - 9; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 8 - 12; Vertebrae: 36 - 39 Spillman, C.-J. 1961 Faune de France: Poissons d'eau douce. Fédération Française des Sociétés Naturelles,Tome 65. Paris. 303 p. (Ref. 2196) FB-Distribution-2951 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-02 00:00:00 2025-11-05 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2951 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Eurasia: Most European rivers north of Pyrenees and Alps, eastward to Ural and Eya drainages, Aral and White Sea basins; Black Sea basin in Europe and northern Asia Minor. Naturally absent from Iberian Peninsula, Adriatic basin, Italy, Greece south of Pinios drainage, Great Britain north of 54 N, Ireland and Scandinavia north of 62° N (Ref. 59043). Definitely absent in Siberia. Reports from this area arose from the confusion between the rudd and the roach (Ref. 1441). Introduced to several countries. Several countries report adverse ecological impact after introduction (Ref. 1739). Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof 2007 Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043) FB-Uses-2951 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-01 00:00:00 2025-12-09 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2951 fisheries: minor commercial; aquaculture: commercial; gamefish: yes; aquarium: commercial; bait: usually Muus, B.J. and P. Dahlström 1968 Süßwasserfische. BLV Verlagsgesellschaft, München. 224 p. (Ref. 556) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott 1991 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott 1991 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537) Riehl, R. and H.A. Baensch 1991 Aquarien Atlas. Band. 1. Melle: Mergus, Verlag für Natur-und Heimtierkunde, Germany. 992 p. (Ref. 1672) Vostradovsky, J. 1973 Freshwater fishes. The Hamlyn Publishing Group Limited, London. 252 p. (Ref. 9696) FB-Migration-2951 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-01 00:00:00 2025-12-09 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2951 Potamodromous. Migrating within streams, migratory in rivers, e.g. Saliminus, Moxostoma, Labeo. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km. Dean, E.M., A.R. Cooper, L. Wang, W. Daniel, S. David, C. Ernzen, K.B. Gido, E Hale, T.J. Haxton, W. Kelso, N. Leonard, C. Lido, J. Margraf, M. Porter, C. Pennock, D. Propst, J. Ross, M.D. Staudinger, G. Whelan and D.M. Infante 2022 The North American Freshwater Migratory Fish Database (NAFMFD): Characterizing the migratory life histories of freshwater fishes of Canada, the United States of Mexico. J. Biogeography 49:1193-1203. (Ref. 126106) FB-LifeCycle-2951 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Sari Kuosmanen-Postila 1991-05-01 00:00:00 2025-12-09 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=2951&StockCode=3147 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Males gather at spawning grounds and drive ripe females, often with much splashing, into dense vegetation to spawn (Ref. 59043). Eggs are very sticky (Ref. 59043) and colorless or pale yellow which are found attached to vegetation in shallow water (Ref. 41678). Koli, L. 1990 Suomen kalat. [Fishes of Finland]. Werner Söderström Osakeyhtiö. Helsinki. 357 p. (in Finnish). (Ref. 6114) FB-TrophicStrategy-2951 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-06-07 00:00:00 2024-08-12 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public erythrophthalmus http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat large fish appear to be solitary and join schools of medium-sized individuals only over short stretches (Ref. 46637). Feeds on insects, benthic invertebrates and plants (Ref. 6258). Employs three foraging techniques, either concurrently or alternately. Windborne seeds are taken at the surface; plankton is consumed by swimming up and down and halting abruptly at periodic intervals to snap at prey. When feeding on plant material, the fish tears off pieces of the plant with a jerk of the head. This is often preceded by brief searching activity (Ref. 46637). Maitland, P.S. and R.N. Campbell 1992 Freshwater fishes of the British Isles. HarperCollins Publishers, London.368 p. (Ref. 6258) FB-Size-2951 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-01 00:00:00 2025-12-09 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ FAO General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2951 61.7 cm TL (female); max. published weight: 3,623.0 g; max. reported age: 19 years (Ref. 27368) Sprem, N., D. Matulić, T. Treer and I. Aničić 2010 A new maximum length and weight for <i>Scardinius erythrophthalmus</i>. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 26(4):618-619. (Ref. 84913) Sprem, N., D. Matulić, T. Treer and I. Aničić 2010 A new maximum length and weight for <i>Scardinius erythrophthalmus</i>. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 26(4):618-619. (Ref. 84913) Gerstmeier, R. and T. Romig 1998 Die Süßwasserfische Europas: für Naturfreunde und Angler. Franckh-Kosmos Verlag, Stuttgart, Germany. 368 p. (Ref. 27368) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Diseases-2951-35 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2004-10-13 00:00:00 2004-10-13 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2951&StockCode=3147 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Black Spot Disease 1. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Ondrackova, M., P. Jurajda and M. Gelnar 2002 The distribution of <i>Posthodiplostomum cuticola</i> metacercariae in young-of-the-year cyprinid fishes. J. Fish Biol. 60(5):1355-1357. (Ref. 47806) FB-Habitat-2951 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-01 00:00:00 2025-12-09 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2951 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution benthopelagic; potamodromous (Ref. 126106); freshwater; brackish; pH range: 7.0 - 7.5; dH range: 10 - 15; depth range 0 - ? m Dean, E.M., A.R. Cooper, L. Wang, W. Daniel, S. David, C. Ernzen, K.B. Gido, E Hale, T.J. Haxton, W. Kelso, N. Leonard, C. Lido, J. Margraf, M. Porter, C. Pennock, D. Propst, J. Ross, M.D. Staudinger, G. Whelan and D.M. Infante 2022 The North American Freshwater Migratory Fish Database (NAFMFD): Characterizing the migratory life histories of freshwater fishes of Canada, the United States of Mexico. J. Biogeography 49:1193-1203. (Ref. 126106)