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<taxon>
	<dc:identifier>FB-411</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=411</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Eupercaria/misc</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Sciaenidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Menticirrhus</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Menticirrhus littoralis (Holbrook, 1847)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Betara</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Betara branca</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Judeu</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Papaterra</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Papa-terra</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Pescadinha papaterra</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='da'>Golf-trommefisk</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Gulf kingcroaker</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Gulf kingfish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fr'>Bourrugue du Golfe</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Berrugata</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Berrugato del Golfo</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Coroncoro</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Coroncoro rayado</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Curvina</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Gurrubata</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Lambe berrugato</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Lambe verrugato</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>海湾无鳔石首鱼</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>海灣無鰾石首魚</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Umbrina littoralis Holbrook, 1847</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-17</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2018-10-03</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:description></dc:description>
	<mediaURL>http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Melit_u2.jpg</mediaURL>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-17 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2018-10-03 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
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	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder> FAO</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=411</dc:source>
	<subject></subject>
	<dc:description>Occurs usually in coastal waters over sandy and muddy bottoms; juveniles are abundant in the surf zone.  Sometimes enters estuaries.  Feeds mainly on worms and crustaceans.  Excellent food fish (Ref. 26938).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=7251&amp;speccode=411'>Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray 1986 A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-DiagnosticDescr-411</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Grace Tolentino Pablico</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2001-02-19 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2012-12-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder> FAO</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=411</dc:source>
	<subject></subject>
	<dc:description>Grayish brown above, shading to silvery below, no prominent bars.  Lower jaw has single, stout, peg-like barbel with pore at tip.  Scales on belly smaller than those on side (Ref. 26938).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=26938&amp;speccode=411'>Smith, C.L. 1997 National Audubon Society field guide to tropical marine fishes of the Caribbean, the Gulf of Mexico, Florida, the Bahamas, and Bermuda. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., New York. 720 p. (Ref. 26938)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-411</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder> FAO</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=411</dc:source>
	<subject></subject>
	<dc:description>Western Atlantic:  Virginia, USA and the continental coast of the Gulf of Mexico to Rio Grande del Sur, Brazil.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=7251&amp;speccode=411'>Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray 1986 A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-17 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2018-10-03 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Importance</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder> FAO</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=411</dc:source>
	<subject></subject>
	<dc:description>fisheries: minor commercial; gamefish: yes; price category: low; price reliability: reliable: based on ex-vessel price for this species</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4931&amp;speccode=411'>FAO 1992 FAO yearbook. Fishery statistics: catches and landings. Vol. 70: 1990. FAO Fish. Ser. 38:647 p. (Ref. 4931)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6077&amp;speccode=411'>Cervigón, F. and W. Fischer 1979 INFOPESCA. Catálogo de especies marinas de interes economico actual o potencial para América Latina. Parte 1. Atlántico centro y suroccidental. FAO/UNDP, SIC/79/1. 372 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 6077)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Migration-411</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-17 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=411</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription</subject>
	<dc:description>Oceanodromous. Migrating within oceans typically between spawning and different feeding areas, as tunas do.  Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51243&amp;speccode=411'>Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&amp;D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-TrophicStrategy-411</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Drina Sta. Iglesia</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2000-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2008-07-29 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>littoralis</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology</subject>
	<dc:description>Occurs usually in coastal waters over sandy and muddy bottoms; juveniles are abundant in the surf zone. Sometimes enters estuaries. Feeds mainly on worms and crustaceans.</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=7251&amp;speccode=411'>Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray 1986 A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-411</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-17 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=411</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>48.3 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 40637)); max. published weight: 1,380 g (Ref. 40637)</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=40637&amp;speccode=411'>IGFA 2001 Database of IGFA angling records until 2001. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA. (Ref. 40637)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=40637&amp;speccode=411'>IGFA 2001 Database of IGFA angling records until 2001. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA. (Ref. 40637)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses</subject>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-17 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy</subject>
	<dc:description>demersal; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); brackish; marine; depth range 10 - ? m</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51243&amp;speccode=411'>Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&amp;D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243)</reference></dataObject>
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