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	<dc:identifier>FB-5320</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5320</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Cypriniformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Cyprinidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Enteromius</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Enteromius lauzannei (Lévêque &amp; Paugy, 1982)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='cs'>Parmička loffanská</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='et'>Loffa pardkala</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Krokiri-ikpokpo</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>劳氏魮</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>勞氏魮</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Barbus lauzannei Lévêque &amp; Paugy, 1982</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1992-03-24</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-01-25</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2801&amp;speccode=5320'>Lévêque, C. and J. Daget0 Cyprinidae. p. 217-342. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ORSTOM, Paris and MRAC, Tervuren. Vol. 1. (Ref. 2801)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2940&amp;speccode=5320'>Lévêque, C.0 Cyprinidae. p. 269-361. In C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douces et saumâtres d'Afrique de l'Ouest. Tome I. Coll. Faune Tropicale n° XXVIII. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, and O.R.S.T.O.M., Paris, 384 p. (Ref. 2940)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4517&amp;speccode=5320'>Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=12818&amp;speccode=5320'>Anonymous0 Fish registrations within the museum database of the Vertebrate Section of the Royal Museum for Central Africa. MRAC, Tervuren, Belgium. (Ref. 12818)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=13331&amp;speccode=5320'>Paugy, D., K. Traoré and P.S. Diouf0 Faune ichtyologique des eaux douces d'Afrique de l'Ouest. p.35-66. In G.G. Teugels, J.F. Guégan and J.J. Albaret (eds.) Biological diversity of African fresh-and brackish water fishes. Geographical overviews presented at the PARADI Symposium, Senegal, 15-20 November 1993. Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Centr., Sci. Zool., 275:177 p. (Ref. 13331)</reference>
	<reference isbn='978-34-7600-9.' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31256&amp;speccode=5320'>Olaosebikan, B.D. and A. Raji0 Field guide to Nigerian freshwater fishes. Federal College of Freshwater Fisheries Technology, New Bussa, Nigeria. 106 p. (Ref. 31256)</reference>
	<reference isbn='957-8596-59-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31517&amp;speccode=5320'>Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=36670&amp;speccode=5320'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. (Ref. 36670)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=41414&amp;speccode=5320'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=43268&amp;speccode=5320'>Stiassny, M.L.J.0 Report on a small collection of fishes from the Wologizi Mountains of Liberia, West Africa, with a description of two new species of &lt;i&gt;Barbus&lt;/i&gt; (Ostariophysi: Cyprinidae). Am. Mus. Novit. 3015:1-9. (Ref. 43268)</reference>
	<reference isbn='80-7036-139-5' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51055&amp;speccode=5320'>Hanel, L. and J. Novák0 České názvy zivočichů V. Ryby a ryboviti obratlovci (Pisces) 3., maloústí (Gonorhynchiformes) - máloostní (Cypriniformes). Národní muzeum (zoologické oddělení), Praha. (Ref. 51055)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58108&amp;speccode=5320'>Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=81282&amp;speccode=5320'>Lévêque, C.0 Cyprinidae. p. 322-436. In D. Paugy, C. Lévêque and G.G Teugels (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of West Africa Volume 1. Coll. faune et flore tropicales 40. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 457p. (Ref. 81282)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=105471&amp;speccode=5320'>eElurikkus0 eElurikkus koondab ühte portaali Eesti eluslooduse andmed. http://elurikkus.ut.ee/ (Ref. 105471)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=108792&amp;speccode=5320'>Yang, L., T. Sado, M.V. Hirt, E. Pasco-Viel, M. Arunachalam, J. Li, X. Wang, J. Freyhof, K. Saitoh, A.M. Simons, M. Miya, S. He and R.L. Mayden0 Phylogeny and polyploidy: resolving the classification of cyprinine fishes (Teleostei: Cypriniformes). Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 85:97-116. (Ref. 108792)</reference>
	<reference isbn='1849954984' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=128868&amp;speccode=5320'>Beolens, B., M. Grayson and M. Watkins0 Eponym dictionary of Fishes. 	Dunbeath, Caithness (Scotland, UK): Whittles Publishing Limited, 1300 p. (Ref. 128868)</reference><dataObject>
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	<dcterms:created>1992-03-24 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-01-25 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5320</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy</subject>
	<dc:description>Maximum SL was recorded at 8.5 cm (Ref. 2801).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2801&amp;speccode=5320'>Lévêque, C. and J. Daget 1984 Cyprinidae. p. 217-342. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ORSTOM, Paris and MRAC, Tervuren. Vol. 1. (Ref. 2801)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-DiagnosticDescr-5320</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='http://oceans.ubc.ca/maria-lourdes-deng-palomares/' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Maria Lourdes D. Palomares</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1992-07-28 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2014-02-11 22:20:43</dcterms:modified>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5320</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>Diagnosis: last simple dorsal-fin ray smooth on hind margin; scale formula 4.5-5.5/27-29/4.5; 3 scales between lateral line and pelvic-fin base; 12 scales around caudal peduncle; 8 branched dorsal fin rays; two long and unequal pairs of barbels; anterior barbel not extending beyond centre of eye/reaching to, or extending beyond, posterior half of eye; posterior barbel extending beyond hind margin of eye; lateral line complete and greatly depressed below dorsal fin; maximum reported size 85 mm SL; spots on sides irregular, representing dark band with strangulations at certain points (Ref. 2940, 81282). Description: dorsal profile slightly convex; mouth subterminal; lateral line complete, distinctly depressed below dorsal fin and rejoining mid-lateral line slightly behind vertical line from anal fin; gill rakers rudimentary; D: III,8; A: III,5; P: I,13-14; V: I,7 (Ref. 2940, 81282).Coloration: back chocolate-brown to blackish; lateral-line scales as well as scales above lateral line dark-edged; presence of pores duplicates pigmentation of lateral-line scales, simulating 2 parallel series of dots; scale son back almost uniformly brownish-black; lateral midline marked with series of elongate black spots, sometimes confluent and highly variable in size and shape; always spot at end of caudal peduncle (Ref. 2940, 81282). Belly white (Ref. 2940).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=81282&amp;speccode=5320'>Lévêque, C. 2003 Cyprinidae. p. 322-436. In D. Paugy, C. Lévêque and G.G Teugels (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of West Africa Volume 1. Coll. faune et flore tropicales 40. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 457p. (Ref. 81282)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Morphology-5320</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='http://oceans.ubc.ca/maria-lourdes-deng-palomares/' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Maria Lourdes D. Palomares</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1992-07-28 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2014-02-11 22:20:43</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5320</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 11;  Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 8</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=81282&amp;speccode=5320'>Lévêque, C. 2003 Cyprinidae. p. 322-436. In D. Paugy, C. Lévêque and G.G Teugels (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of West Africa Volume 1. Coll. faune et flore tropicales 40. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 457p. (Ref. 81282)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-5320</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Tess Cruz</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1992-03-24 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-11-05 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5320</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>Africa:  known from the upper reaches of the Loffa River in Guinea (Ref. 2801, 2940, 81282). Also reported from the Saint Paul basin (Ref. 13331, 43268) in Liberia (Ref. 43268).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2801&amp;speccode=5320'>Lévêque, C. and J. Daget 1984 Cyprinidae. p. 217-342. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ORSTOM, Paris and MRAC, Tervuren. Vol. 1. (Ref. 2801)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Uses-5320</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Tess Cruz</agent>
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	<dc:title>Importance</dc:title>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>fisheries: of no interest</dc:description>
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	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-5320</dc:identifier>
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	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses</subject>
	<dc:description>10.8 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 2801))</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2801&amp;speccode=5320'>Lévêque, C. and J. Daget 1984 Cyprinidae. p. 217-342. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ORSTOM, Paris and MRAC, Tervuren. Vol. 1. (Ref. 2801)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle</subject>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-5320</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Tess Cruz</agent>
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	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5320</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy</subject>
	<dc:description>benthopelagic; freshwater</dc:description>
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