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	<dc:identifier>FB-53749</dc:identifier>
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	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Siluriformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Aspredinidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Pseudobunocephalus</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Pseudobunocephalus amazonicus (Mees, 1989)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Arraia</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Raia</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Raya</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='da'>Storplettet flodpigrokke</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Largespot river stingray</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Tiger ray</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Vermiculate river stingray</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='et'>Laiguline jõerai</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fi'>Sokkelojokirausku</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fi'>Tiikerijokirausku</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='gn'>Yavevih</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='gn'>yaveyih</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>raja</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>raja de rio</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Raya de agua dulce</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Raya</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Raya de rio</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Grootvlekzoetwaterrog</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Wormstekige zoetwaterrog</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>卡氏江魟</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Potamotrygon castexi Castello &amp; Yagolkowski, 1969</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Potamotrygon menchacai Martínez Achenbach, 1967</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1999-08-11</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2009-02-06</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4517&amp;speccode=53763'>Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6329&amp;speccode=53763'>Ortega, H. and R.P. Vari0 Annotated checklist of the freshwater fishes of Peru. Smithson. Contrib. Zool. (437):1-25. (Ref. 6329)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9086&amp;speccode=53763'>Lopez, H.L., R.C. Menni and A.M. Miguelarena0 Lista de los peces de agua dulce de la Argentina. Biologia Acuatica No. 12, 50 p. (Instituto de Limnologia "Dr. Raul A. Ringuelet"). (Ref. 9086)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=27116&amp;speccode=53763'>McAllister, D.E.0 A working list of fishes of the world. Copies available from D.E. McAllister, Canadian Museum of Nature, P.O. Box 3443, Ottawa, Ontario K1P 6P4, Canada. 2661 p. plus 1270 p. Index. (Ref. 27116)</reference>
	<reference isbn='957-8596-59-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31517&amp;speccode=53763'>Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=33021&amp;speccode=53763'>Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.)0 Catalog of fishes. Updated database version of November 1999. Catalog databases as made available to FishBase in November 1999. (Ref. 33021)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=34132&amp;speccode=53763'>Achenbach, G.M. and S.V.M. Achenbach0 Notas acerca de algunas especies de raya fluvial (Batoidei, Potamotrygonidae) que frequentan el sistema hidrográfico del Paraná medio en el Departamento La Capital (Santa Fe - Argentina). Com. Mus. Prov. Cien. Nat. F. Ameghino 8:1-34. (Ref. 34132)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=35508&amp;speccode=53763'>Anonymous0 The icthyological collection of the Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). Division of Ichthyology and Herpetology, Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). (Ref. 35508)</reference>
	<reference isbn='0-8018-6048-2' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=35766&amp;speccode=53763'>Compagno, L.J.V.0 Checklist of living elasmobranchs. p. 471-498. In W.C. Hamlett (ed.) Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes. Johns Hopkins University Press, Maryland. (Ref. 35766)</reference>
	<reference isbn='85-7430-361-5' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=36687&amp;speccode=53763'>de Carvalho, M.R., N. Lovejoy and R.S. Rosa0 Potamotrygonidae (River stingrays). p. 22-28. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 36687)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=43454&amp;speccode=53763'>Bor, P.H.F.0 Nederlandse naamlijst van de recente haaien en roggen (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii) van de wereld. World Wide Web electronic publication www.rajidae.tmfweb.nl, version (05/2002). (Ref. 43454)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51086&amp;speccode=53763'>Varjo, M., L. Koli and H. Dahlström0 Kalannimiluettelo (versio 10/03). Suomen Biologian Seura Vanamo Ry. (Ref. 51086)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51471&amp;speccode=53763'>Carl, H.0 Danish fish names. Zoological Museum of Copenhagen. Unpublished. (Ref. 51471)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51923&amp;speccode=53763'>López, H.L., A.M. Miquelarena and R.C. Menni0 Lista comentada de los peces continentales de la Argentina. ProBiota Serie Técnica y Didáctica N° 5, 87p. (Ref. 51923)</reference>
	<reference isbn='1-86872-643-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=52193&amp;speccode=53763'>Skelton, P.H.0 A complete guide to the freshwater fishes of southern Africa. Cape Town (South Africa): Struik Publishers, 395 p. (Ref. 52193)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=56308&amp;speccode=53763'>López, H.L., A.M. Miquelarena and J. Ponte Gómez0 Biodiversidad y distribución de la ictiofauna Mesopotámica. Miscelánea 14:311-354. (Ref. 56308)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57489&amp;speccode=53763'>Velte, F.0 Neues zur Zucht und Fortpflanzungsbiologie südamerikanischer Süßwasserstechrochen. Elasmoskop 2005:53-54. (Ref. 57489)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58108&amp;speccode=53763'>Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58839&amp;speccode=53763'>Menni, R.C. and L.O. Lucifora0 Condrictios de la Argentina y Uruguay. &lt;i&gt;ProBiota&lt;/i&gt;, FCNyM, UNLP, Serie Técnica-Didáctica, La Plata, Argentina, 11:1-15. (Ref. 58839)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=85107&amp;speccode=53763'>Machacek, H. (ed.)0 World Records Freshwater Fishing. www.fishing-worldrecords.com, September 2010. (Ref. 85107)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=86304&amp;speccode=53763'>Komissarov, B.N.0 Expedição Langsdorff ao Brasil, 1821-1829. Alumbramento e Livroarte, Rio de Janeiro. v. 1, 156 p. [v. 2, 160 p.; v. 3, 136 p.] (Ref. 86304)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=86809&amp;speccode=53763'>de Carvalho, M.R., M.H. Sabaj Pérez and N.R. Lovejoy0 &lt;i&gt;Potamotrygon tigrina&lt;/i&gt; a new species of freshwaters stingray from the upper Amazon basin, closely related to &lt;i&gt;Potamotrygon schroederi&lt;/i&gt; Fernandez-Yépez, 1958 (Chondrichthyes: Potamotrygonidae). Zootaxa 2827:1-30. (Ref. 86809)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=105471&amp;speccode=53763'>eElurikkus0 eElurikkus koondab ühte portaali Eesti eluslooduse andmed. http://elurikkus.ut.ee/ (Ref. 105471)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=115941&amp;speccode=53763'>CITES, UNEP-WCMC0 The Checklist of CITES Species Website. Appendices I, II and III valid from 04 April 2017. CITES Secretariat, Geneva, Switzerland. Compiled by UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge, UK. https://www.cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php [Accessed 01/08/2017]. (Ref. 115941)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=118484&amp;speccode=53763'>CITES, UNEP-WCMC0 The Checklist of CITES Species Website. Appendices I, II and III valid from 04 October 2017. CITES Secretariat, Geneva, Switzerland. Compiled by UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge, UK. https://www.cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php [Accessed 08/17/2017]. (Ref. 118484)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=128078&amp;speccode=53763'>CITES0 Appendices I, II and III valid from 11 January 2023 and 25 November 2023. UNEP. (Ref. 128078)</reference>
	<reference isbn='1849954984' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=128868&amp;speccode=53763'>Beolens, B., M. Grayson and M. Watkins0 Eponym dictionary of Fishes. 	Dunbeath, Caithness (Scotland, UK): Whittles Publishing Limited, 1300 p. (Ref. 128868)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=130435&amp;speccode=53763'>IUCN0 The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1964 - onwards. https://www.iucnredlist.org/ (Ref. 130435)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=131153&amp;speccode=53763'>CITES0 Appendices I, II and III. UNEP. (Ref. 131153)</reference><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>After a gestation period of about 20 weeks two pups were born in a public aquarium (Ref. 57489).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='0-8018-6048-2' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=35766&amp;speccode=53763'>Compagno, L.J.V. 1999 Checklist of living elasmobranchs. p. 471-498. In W.C. Hamlett (ed.) Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes. Johns Hopkins University Press, Maryland. (Ref. 35766)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>South America:  Paraná-Paraguay River basin, from Cuiabá and Piquiri rivers (among others) to the La Plata River.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='85-7430-361-5' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=36687&amp;speccode=53763'>de Carvalho, M.R., N. Lovejoy and R.S. Rosa 2003 Potamotrygonidae (River stingrays). p. 22-28. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 36687)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>After a pregnancy of about 20 weeks two pups were born in the John-Shedd-Aquarium, New York.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57489&amp;speccode=53763'>Velte, F. 2005 Neues zur Zucht und Fortpflanzungsbiologie südamerikanischer Süßwasserstechrochen. Elasmoskop 2005:53-54. (Ref. 57489)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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