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	<dc:identifier>FB-54624</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=54624</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Tetraodontiformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Monacanthidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Paramonacanthus</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Paramonacanthus pusillus (Rüppell, 1829)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Sharpnose stingray</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='et'>Teravkoon-astelrai</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ja'>Yajiri-ei</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ko'>긴코가오리</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Scherpsnuitpijlstaartrog</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>尖吻魟</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Dasyatis acutirostra Nishida &amp; Nakaya, 1988</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1999-12-09</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-08-16</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=205&amp;speccode=54630'>Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=7445&amp;speccode=54630'>Nishida, K. and K. Nakaya0 Taxonomy of the genus &lt;i&gt;Dasyatis&lt;/i&gt; (Elasmobranchia, Dasyatidae) from the North Pacific. In: Pratt Jr., H. L., S. H. Gruber and T. Taniuchi (eds.): Elasmobranchs as living resources: advances in the biology, ecology, systematics, and the status of the fisheries. NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) Tech. Rept. NMFS 90:327-346. (Ref. 7445)</reference>
	<reference isbn='957-8596-59-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31517&amp;speccode=54630'>Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=35022&amp;speccode=54630'>Nishida, K. and K. Nakaya0 A new species of the genus &lt;i&gt;Dasyatis&lt;/i&gt; (Elasmobranchii: Dasyatididae) from southern Japan and lectotype designation of &lt;i&gt;D. zugei&lt;/i&gt;. Jap. J. Ichthyol. 35(2):115-123. (Ref. 35022)</reference>
	<reference isbn='0-8018-6048-2' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=35766&amp;speccode=54630'>Compagno, L.J.V.0 Checklist of living elasmobranchs. p. 471-498. In W.C. Hamlett (ed.) Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes. Johns Hopkins University Press, Maryland. (Ref. 35766)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=38732&amp;speccode=54630'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=43454&amp;speccode=54630'>Bor, P.H.F.0 Nederlandse naamlijst van de recente haaien en roggen (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii) van de wereld. World Wide Web electronic publication www.rajidae.tmfweb.nl, version (05/2002). (Ref. 43454)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=50449&amp;speccode=54630'>Dulvy, N.K. and J.D. Reynolds0 Evolutionary transitions among egg-laying, live-bearing and maternal inputs in sharks and rays. Proc. R. Soc. Lond., Ser. B: Biol. Sci. 264:1309-1315. (Ref. 50449)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58018&amp;speccode=54630'>Bogutskaya, N.G.0 Preliminary assignment of coordinates to type localities in the Catalog of Fishes. Unpublished dbf file. (Ref. 58018)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58108&amp;speccode=54630'>Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=74597&amp;speccode=54630'>Aguilar A., F.0 &lt;i&gt;Dasyatis acutirostra&lt;/i&gt; (Nashida &amp; Nakaya, 1988) new register of &lt;i&gt;Dasyatis&lt;/i&gt; gender in Ecuadorian waters. Instituto Nacional de Pesca, Año 1 No. 1-IRBA, 4 p. (Ref. 74597)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=77001&amp;speccode=54630'>Kim, I.S., Y. Choi, C.L. Lee, Y.J. Lee, B.J. Kim and J.H. Kim0 Illustrated book of Korean fishes. Kyo-Hak Pub Co. Seoul. 615p. (in Korean). (Ref. 77001)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=105471&amp;speccode=54630'>eElurikkus0 eElurikkus koondab ühte portaali Eesti eluslooduse andmed. http://elurikkus.ut.ee/ (Ref. 105471)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=109651&amp;speccode=54630'>Last, P.R., G.J.P 	Naylor and B.M. Manjaji-Matsumoto0 A revised classification of the family Dasyatidae (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatiformes) based on new morphological and molecular insights. Zootaxa 4139(3):345-368. (Ref. 109651)</reference><dataObject>
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	<dcterms:created>1999-12-09 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>John E. Randall</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<dc:description>Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=7445&amp;speccode=54630'>Nishida, K. and K. Nakaya 1990 Taxonomy of the genus &lt;i&gt;Dasyatis&lt;/i&gt; (Elasmobranchia, Dasyatidae) from the North Pacific. In: Pratt Jr., H. L., S. H. Gruber and T. Taniuchi (eds.): Elasmobranchs as living resources: advances in the biology, ecology, systematics, and the status of the fisheries. NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) Tech. Rept. NMFS 90:327-346. (Ref. 7445)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-54630</dc:identifier>
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	<dcterms:created>1999-12-09 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-11-05 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription</subject>
	<dc:description>Northwest Pacific:  off the coast of southern Japan and the East China Sea (Ref. 7445).  Range extension reported from the Gulf of Guayaquil, Ecuador (Ref. 74597).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=7445&amp;speccode=54630'>Nishida, K. and K. Nakaya 1990 Taxonomy of the genus &lt;i&gt;Dasyatis&lt;/i&gt; (Elasmobranchia, Dasyatidae) from the North Pacific. In: Pratt Jr., H. L., S. H. Gruber and T. Taniuchi (eds.): Elasmobranchs as living resources: advances in the biology, ecology, systematics, and the status of the fisheries. NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) Tech. Rept. NMFS 90:327-346. (Ref. 7445)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-LifeCycle-54630</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1999-12-09 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=54630&amp;StockCode=45228</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology</subject>
	<dc:description>Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449).  Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=205&amp;speccode=54630'>Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-54630</dc:identifier>
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	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>10.6 cm WD (male/unsexed; (Ref. 35022))</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=35022&amp;speccode=54630'>Nishida, K. and K. Nakaya 1988 A new species of the genus &lt;i&gt;Dasyatis&lt;/i&gt; (Elasmobranchii: Dasyatididae) from southern Japan and lectotype designation of &lt;i&gt;D. zugei&lt;/i&gt;. Jap. J. Ichthyol. 35(2):115-123. (Ref. 35022)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-54630</dc:identifier>
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	<dc:description>demersal; marine; depth range 53 - 142 m (Ref. 58018)</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58018&amp;speccode=54630'>Bogutskaya, N.G. 2007 Preliminary assignment of coordinates to type localities in the Catalog of Fishes. Unpublished dbf file. (Ref. 58018)</reference></dataObject>
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