FB-59771 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=59771 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Kurtiformes Apogonidae Ostorhinchus Ostorhinchus radcliffei (Fowler, 1918) Pêrel-kardinaal Dusky cardinal Dusky cardinalfish Ghost cardinalfish Guam cardinalfish Pearl cardinal Pearl cardinalfish Samoan cardinalfish Three-saddled cardinalfish Hososuji-namida-tenjikudai Oguro-tenjikudai Kodupoothan Kottapoothan കൊടുപൂത്തന് കൊടുപോതാന്   കൊറ്റപൂതന് കോട്ടപോതാന്   Fo Dangat Suga Kalubodi 云纹天竺鲷 大目侧仔 大目側仔 大眼天竺鯛 大眼天竺鲷 大面侧仔 棕天竺鯛 棕天竺鲷 綿居天竺鯛 绵居天竺鲷 雲紋天竺鯛 魔鬼天竺鯛 魔鬼天竺鲷 Apogon fuscus Quoy & Gaimard, 1825 Apogon guamensis Valenciennes, 1832 Apogon nubilus Garman, 1903 Apogon ocellatus Fourmanoir & Crosnier, 1964 Apogon savayensis (non Günther, 1872) Apogon spongicolus (Smith, 1965) Ostorhinchus nubilus (Garman, 1903) Ostorhynchus nubilus (Garman, 1903) Ostorhynchus spongicolus Smith, 1965 2002-08-26 2021-10-04 Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) Thresher, R.E.0 Reproduction in reef fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. Ltd., Neptune City, New Jersey. 399 p. (Ref. 240) Thiollière, V.J.0 Montrouzier. X. Suite de la faune de l'Île de Woodlark ou Moiou. Ichtyologie. Ann. Soc. Agric. Lyon 8:393-504. (Ref. 550) Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino0 The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559) Wass, R.C.0 An annotated checklist of the fishes of Samoa. Natl. Ocean. Atmos. Adminis. Tech. Rept., Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv., Spec. Sci. Rept. Fish. (781). (Ref. 592) Myers, R.F.0 Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602) Eschmeyer, W.N.0 Catalog of the genera of recent fishes. California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, USA. 697 p. (Ref. 1830) Randall, J.E., G.R. Allen and R.C. Steene0 Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. 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Lim (eds.)0 A checklist of the fishes of the South China Sea. Raffles Bull. Zool. Suppl. (8):569-667. (Ref. 36648) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. (Ref. 36670) Myers, R.F.0 Micronesian reef fishes: a comprehensive guide to the coral reef fishes of Micronesia, 3rd revised and expanded edition. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 330 p. (Ref. 37816) Shinohara, G., Y. Sato and K. Matsuura0 Coastal fishes of Ishima Island, Tokushima, Japan. Mem. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 33:175-186. (Ref. 38029) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732) Shao, K.T., L.Y. Hsieh, Y.Y. Wu and C.Y. Wu0 Taxonomic and distributional database of fishes in Taiwan. p.73-76. In I.C. Liao and J. Baker (eds.) 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Ponniah0 Fish biodiversity of India. National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources Lucknow, India.775 p. (Ref. 45255) Dantis, A.L. and P.M. Aliño (comps.)0 Checklist of Philippine reef fishes. p. 208-226. In Aliño, P.M.,E.F.B.Miclat,C.L.Nañola Jr.,H.A.Roa-Quiaoit and R.T.Campos(eds.) Atlas of Philippine coral reefs.Philippine Coral Reef Information (Philreefs). Goodwill Trading Co.,Inc.(Goodwill Bookstore),Quezon City,Philippines. xvi + 264p. (Ref. 45419) Fishelson, L., M. Goren and O. Gon0 Black gut phenomenon in cardinal fishes (Apogonidae, Teleostei). Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 161:295-298. (Ref. 46685) Anonymous0 Fish collection of the Royal Ontario Museum. Royal Ontario Museum. (Ref. 47438) Allen, G.R. and M. Adrim0 Coral reef fishes of Indonesia. Zool. Stud. 42(1):1-72. (Ref. 47567) Kumaran, M. and S. Jones0 Fishes of the Laccadive Archipelago. Kerala Mathrubhumi Press. (Ref. 47702) Huang, Z.0 Marine species and their distribution in China's seas. p. 404-463. Vertebrata. 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Randall0 A review of the cardinalfishes (Perciformes: Apogonidae) of the Rea Sea. Smithiana Bull. 1:1-47. (Ref. 50837) Garpe, K.C. and M.C. Öhman0 Coral and fish distribution patterns in Mafia Island Marine Park, Tanzania: fish-habitat interactions. Hydrobiologia 498:191-211. (Ref. 51015) Letourneur, Y., P. Chabanet, P. Durville, M. Taquet, E. Teissier, M. Parmentier, J.-C. Quéro and K. Pothin0 An updated checklist of the marine fish fauna of Reunion Island, south-western Indian Ocean. Cybium 28(3):199-216. (Ref. 53568) Randall, J.E., J.T. Williams, D.G. Smith, M. Kulbicki, G.M. Tham, P. Labrosse, M. Kronen, E. Clua and B.S. Mann0 Checklist of the shore and epipelagic fishes of Tonga. Atoll Res. Bull. Nos. 502. (Ref. 53797) Marnane, M.J. and D.R. Bellwood0 Diet and norturnal foraging in cardinalfishes (Apogonidae) at One Tree Reef, Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 231:261-268. (Ref. 54366) Chen, C.-H.0 Checklist of the fishes of Penghu. FRI Special Publication No. 4. 175 p. (Ref. 55073) Kulbicki, M., N. Guillemot and M. Amand0 A general approach to length-weight relationships for New Caledonian lagoon fishes. Cybium 29(3):235-252. (Ref. 55787) Ocean Biogeographic Information System0 OBIS-extracted Depth Data. Harvested by E.Agbayani July 2006 at www.iobis.org. (Ref. 57178) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) Nguyen, N.T. and V.Q. Nguyen0 Biodiversity and living resources of the coral reef fishes in Vietnam marine waters. Science and Technology Publishing House, Hanoi. (Ref. 58534) Fraser, T.H.0 Cardinalfishes of the genus <i>Nectamia</i> (Apogonidae, Perciformes) from the Indo-Pacific region with descriptions of four new species. Zootaxa 1691:1-52. (Ref. 74933) Hoese, D.F., D.J. Bray, J.R. Paxton and G.R. Allen0 Fishes. In Beasley, O.L. and A. Wells (eds.) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. 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(Ref. 87596) Allen, G.R. and M.V. Erdmann0 Reef fishes of the East Indies. Perth, Australia: Universitiy of Hawai'i Press, Volumes I-III. Tropical Reef Research. (Ref. 90102) Mabuchi, K., T.H. Fraser, H. Song, Y. Azuma and M. Nishida0 Revision of the systematics of the cardinalfishes (Percomorpha: Apogonidae) based on molecular analyses and comparative reevaluation of morphological characters. Zootaxa 3846(2):151-203. (Ref. 96888) Donaldson, T.J.0 Fishes of the remote Southwest Palau Islands: a zoogeographic perspective. Pac. Sci. 50(3):285-308. (Ref. 99878) Allen, G.R. and M.V. Erdmann0 Coral reef fishes of Timor-Leste. p. 33-82. In G.R. Allen and M.V. Erdmann (eds). A rapid biological assessment of Timor-Leste. Conservation International. (Ref. 118793) Vagelli, A.A.0 The reproductive biology and embryology of <i>Quinca mirifica</i>, an apogonid with direct development that produces non-functional oocytes. Copeia 107(1):36-60. (Ref. 127593) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-pic-59777-7769 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-02-04 2013-11-13 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=59777 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Apgua_u1.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Apgua_u1.jpg Locality: Yanbu, Red Sea, Saudi Arabia. FB-pic-59777-19771 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1999-05-04 2013-11-14 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=59777 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription North; depth range: 7-8 m Locality: Port Sudan, Red Sea, Sudan (North). http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Apspo_u2.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Apspo_u2.jpg Locality: Port Sudan, Red Sea, Sudan (North). FB-GeneralDescr-59777 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Frédéric Busson 2002-08-27 00:00:00 2024-03-27 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=59777 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Common in reef flats and shallow lagoons, but hiding by day within Acropora thickets and other corals, as well as in holes and crevices and emerging at night to forage on free-swimming invertebrates (Ref. 1602). Also found in sheltered seaward slopes in 1-20 m (Ref 90102). Feeds on small fishes and benthic invertebrates (e.g. shrimps - alpheids and penaieds; isopods, copepods, crab larvae, polychaete worms); relatively close to cover, within about 1-2 m (Ref. 11890). Nakabo, T. 2002 Fishes of Japan with pictorial keys to the species, English edition I. Tokai University Press, Japan, pp v-866. (Ref. 41299) FB-DiagnosticDescr-59777 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Frédéric Busson 2008-05-05 16:08:30 2013-03-25 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=59777 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Description: Characterized by brown color, dark brown on back, with coppery or silvery reflections; presence of narrow dark brown band below eye; dark bar or saddle across caudal peduncle; greatest depth of body 2.4-2.7 in SL (Ref. 90102). Fraser, T.H. 2008 Cardinalfishes of the genus <i>Nectamia</i> (Apogonidae, Perciformes) from the Indo-Pacific region with descriptions of four new species. Zootaxa 1691:1-52. (Ref. 74933) FB-Morphology-59777 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Frédéric Busson 2008-05-05 16:08:30 2013-03-25 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=59777 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Dorsal spines (total): 8; Dorsal soft rays (total): 9; Analspines: 2; Analsoft rays: 8 Fraser, T.H. 2008 Cardinalfishes of the genus <i>Nectamia</i> (Apogonidae, Perciformes) from the Indo-Pacific region with descriptions of four new species. Zootaxa 1691:1-52. (Ref. 74933) FB-Distribution-59777 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 2002-08-27 00:00:00 2025-11-05 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=59777 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Indo-Pacific: known from the Red Sea, Indian Ocean (except the Seychelles, Chagos Archipelago, Cargados Carajos, Mauritius and Rodrigues), north to Japan and south to Australia; throughout the West Pacific to the Tonga Islands, Samoa, Phoenix and Marshall Islands. Fraser, T.H. 2008 Cardinalfishes of the genus <i>Nectamia</i> (Apogonidae, Perciformes) from the Indo-Pacific region with descriptions of four new species. Zootaxa 1691:1-52. (Ref. 74933) FB-LifeCycle-59777 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 2002-08-27 00:00:00 2024-03-27 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=59777&StockCode=49513 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Mouthbrooders (Ref. 240). Distinct pairing during courtship and spawning (Ref. 205). Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) FB-TrophicStrategy-59777 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1994-01-25 00:00:00 2008-11-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public fusca http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Nocturnal species which occurs inshore near reefs (Ref. 7300). Feeds on zooplankton and benthic animals (Ref. 11889, 6110). Exhibits the black gut phenomenon. In nocturnal predators, it appears to serve to conceal bioluminiscent prey in the stomach cavity (Ref. 46685). Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose 1984 Food habits of teleostean reef fishes in Okinawa Island, southern Japan. University of Tokyo Bulletin, no. 25. v,128p. University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo, Japan. 128 p. (Ref. 6110) FB-Size-59777 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Frédéric Busson 2002-08-27 00:00:00 2024-03-27 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=59777 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology 11.2 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 90102)) Allen, G.R. and M.V. Erdmann 2012 Reef fishes of the East Indies. Perth, Australia: Universitiy of Hawai'i Press, Volumes I-III. Tropical Reef Research. (Ref. 90102) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-59777 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 2002-08-27 00:00:00 2024-03-27 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=59777 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses reef-associated; marine; depth range 1 - 20 m (Ref. 90102) Allen, G.R. and M.V. Erdmann 2012 Reef fishes of the East Indies. Perth, Australia: Universitiy of Hawai'i Press, Volumes I-III. Tropical Reef Research. (Ref. 90102)