FB-6083 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6083 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Pleuronectiformes Cynoglossidae Cynoglossus Cynoglossus macrostomus Norman, 1928 Malabar Sole Malabar tongue sole Malabar tonguesole Malabar-sole Tonguefish Tonguesole Langue malabar Gipti Jeeb ગિપ્તી  જીબ  Nangu ನಂಗು  Manthal മാന്തല്   മാന്തള് Lep Shivra ळीप शिवरा Lidah Lidah sawa Sebelah Lengua malabárica 大口舌鰨 大口舌鳎 Cynoglossus hamiltonii (non Günther, 1862) Cynoglossus luctuosus Chabanaud, 1948 1992-07-24 2020-08-06 ASIH (American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists)0 Ontogeny and systematics of fishes. Based on an international symposium dedicated to the memory of Elbert Halvor Ahlstrom, 15-18 August 1983, La Jolla, California. Spec. Publ. Am. Soc. Ichthyol. Herpetol. 1:ix, 760 p. (Ref. 63) Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) Menon, A.G.K. and S. Monkolprasit0 Cynoglossidae. In W. Fischer and P.J.P. Whitehead (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Eastern Indian Ocean (fishing area 57) and Western Central Pacific (fishing area 71). Rome, FAO. Vol. II, pag. var. (Ref. 2107) Menon, A.G.K.0 Cynoglossidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean fishing area 51. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3391) Victor, A.C.C.0 Length-weight relationships in the Malabar sole, <i>Cynoglossus macrostomus</i> Norman. Indian J. Fish. 25(1 & 2):259-262. (Ref. 4484) Department of Fisheries0 Annual fishery statistics. Ministry of Agriculture, Malaysia. (Ref. 4789) Talwar, P.K. and A.G. Jhingran0 Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries. Volume 2. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, i-xxii + 543-1158, 1 pl. (Ref. 4833) Menon, A.G.K.0 A systematic monograph of the tongue soles of the genus <i>Cynoglossus</i> Hamilton-Buchanan (Pisces: Cynoglossidae). Smithson. Contrib. Zool. (238):1-129. (Ref. 5297) Talwar, P.K. and R.K. Kacker0 Commercial sea fishes of India. Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta. 997 p. (Ref. 6867) Somasekharan Nair, K.V.0 Food and feeding habits of <i>Johnieops sina</i> (Cuvier). Indian J. Fish. 27(1-2):24-34. (Ref. 9491) Randall, J.E.0 Randall's tank photos. Collection of 10,000 large-format photos (slides) of dead fishes. Unpublished. (Ref. 28618) Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732) Kapoor, D., R. Dayal and A.G. Ponniah0 Fish biodiversity of India. 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(Ref. 101194) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257) CMFRI0 Annual report 2014-15. Central Marine Fisheries Institute, Cochin. 353 p. (Ref. 116140) CMFRI0 Annual report 2011-2012. Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Cochin. 274 p. (Ref. 116321) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from htttps://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en [accessed May, 2018] (Ref. 118272) Kolhe, S.S., U.S. Chacharkar and R.A. Pawar0 Length-weight relationships of four species captured off Ratnagiri (Arabian Sea; West Coast of India). J. Appl. Ichthyol. 34:783-784. (Ref. 122100) FB-pic-6083-8562 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-02-15 2010-07-21 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6083 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Cymac_u1.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Cymac_u1.jpg FB-pic-6083-11578 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1996-07-27 1996-07-27 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6083 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Cymac_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Cymac_u0.gif FB-GeneralDescr-6083 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1992-07-24 00:00:00 2020-08-06 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6083 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Inhabits shallow muddy and sandy bottoms of the continental self, down to 25 m. Also found in midwaters in certain seasons of the year. Enters estuaries (Ref. 4833). Feeds mainly on benthic invertebrates, especially worms. Menon, A.G.K. 1984 Cynoglossidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean fishing area 51. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3391) FB-Distribution-6083 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1992-07-24 00:00:00 2025-01-23 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6083 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Indian Ocean: restricted to the coast of India. Menon, A.G.K. 1984 Cynoglossidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean fishing area 51. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3391) FB-Uses-6083 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1992-07-24 00:00:00 2020-08-06 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6083 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution fisheries: commercial Menon, A.G.K. 1984 Cynoglossidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean fishing area 51. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3391) FB-TrophicStrategy-6083 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Drina Sta. Iglesia 2000-11-15 00:00:00 2000-11-15 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ macrostomus Inhabits shallow muddy and sandy bottoms of the continental self, down to 25 m. Also found in midwaters in certain seasons of the year. Enters estuaries (Ref. 4833). Feeds mainly on benthic invertebrates, especially worms. Menon, A.G.K. 1984 Cynoglossidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean fishing area 51. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3391) FB-Size-6083 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1992-07-24 00:00:00 2020-08-06 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6083 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle 30.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 122100)) Kolhe, S.S., U.S. Chacharkar and R.A. Pawar 2017 Length-weight relationships of four species captured off Ratnagiri (Arabian Sea; West Coast of India). J. Appl. Ichthyol. 34:783-784. (Ref. 122100) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-6083 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1992-07-24 00:00:00 2020-08-06 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6083 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats benthopelagic; non-migratory; brackish; marine