FB-6470 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6470 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Perciformes/Serranoidei Epinephelidae Epinephelus Epinephelus marginatus (Lowe, 1834) Granik wielki Galinha-do-mar Garoupa Garoupa preta Garoupa verdadeira Garoupa-crioula Garoupa-gigante Garoupa-preta Mero Mero legitimo Mero-legítimo Mero-preto Merou ou Garoupa Piracuca Geelpens-klipkabeljou Lokz morakt Louqous Wâwy Wakar Cernia Lucerna Mørk havaborre Brauner Zackenbarsch Großer Sägebarsch Riesen-Zackenbarsch Duskey grouper Dusky grouper Dusky perch Dusky sea perch Seabass Yellowbelly grouper Yellowbelly rockcod Hiid-kivikoha Pruun kivikoha Tummameriahven Cabot noir Mérou Mérou brun Mérou de Mediterranée Mérou noir Mérou rouge Mérou sombre Lokos Kirnja Cernia Cernia bruna Cerna Manann Kirnja Sari hani ortoz Rékott Brun Havsabborre Orfoz Orfoz balığı Sarıhani balığı Dialakh Jalakk Kauthieu Kócc Kotj Kotyo Mero Mero moreno Awro Cherne Epinefel gigant Igothia Kirnja Litobo Marelaço Mero Merrebedjo Rofos Rophós Tandbaars Toboko 东大西洋石斑鱼 東大西洋石斑魚 Cerna gigas (Brünnich, 1768) Cernua gigas Costa, 1849 Epinephelus brachysoma Cope, 1871 Epinephelus gauza (not of Linnaeus, 1758) Epinephelus gigas (Brünnich, 1768) Epinephelus guaza (not of Linnaeus, 1758) Epinephelus quaza (not of Linnaeus, 1758) Epoinephelus gauza (not of Linnaeus, 1758) Holocentrus gigas (Brünnich, 1768) Labrus guaza (not of Linnaeus, 1758) Labrus gvaza (not of Linnaeus, 1758) Mycteroperca marginatus (Lowe, 1834) Perca gigas Brünnich, 1768 Serranus aspersus Jenyns, 1840 Serranus cernioides de Brito Capello, 1867 Serranus fimbriatus Lowe, 1838 Serranus gigas (Brünnich, 1768) Serranus guaza (not of Linnaeus, 1758) Serranus marginatus Lowe, 1834 1992-10-16 2024-01-25 Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter0 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No. 9. Rome, FAO. 103 p. (Ref. 171) Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) Jordan, D.S. and B.W. Evermann0 The fishes of North and Middle America: a descriptive catalogue of the species of fish-like vertebrates found in the waters of North America, north of the isthmus of Panama. Part I. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. 47:1-1240. (Ref. 284) Smith, J.L.B.0 The sea fishes of southern Africa. 4th ed. Central News Agency, Ltd., Johannesburg. 580 p. (Ref. 710) Rafail, S.Z.0 A statistical study of length-weight relationship of eight Egyptian fishes. Bull. Inst. Oceanogr. Fish. (Cairo) 2:136-156. (Ref. 1238) Eschmeyer, W.N.0 Catalog of the genera of recent fishes. California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, USA. 697 p. (Ref. 1830) Bianchi et al.0 Gabon - Angola survey of the R/V Dr. Fridtjof Nansen. NAN-SIS database. (Ref. 2221) Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall0 Serranidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.). FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean (fishing area 51). Rome, FAO. Vol. IV. 241 p. (Ref. 3153) Jenyns, L.0 Fish. In C. Darwin (ed.) The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle, under the command of Captain Fitzroy, R.N., during the years 1832-1836. Smith, Elder & Co., London (in 4 parts): p. 1-32 (Jan. 1840); 33-64 (Jun. 1840); 65-96 (Apr. 1841); 97-172 (Apr. 1842). (Ref. 3157) Bianchi, G.0 Fichas FAO de identifacao de espécies para propósitos comerciais. Guia de campo para as espécies comerciais marinhas e de águas salobras de Angola. Preparado com o apoio da NORAD e da FAO (FIRM) Programa Regular, FAO, Rome. 184 p. (Ref. 3166) Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development0 Multilingual dictionary of fish and fish products. Fishing News Books, Oxford. (Ref. 3383) Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall0 Serranidae. p. 509-537. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4319) van der Elst, R.P. and F. Adkin (eds.)0 Marine linefish: priority species and research objectives in southern Africa. Oceanogr. Res. Inst., Spec. Publ. No.1. 132 p. (Ref. 4332) Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517) Randall, J.E. and P.C. Heemstra0 Revision of Indo-Pacific groupers (Perciformes: Serranidae: Epinephelinae), with descriptions of five new species. Indo-Pac. Fish. (20):332 p. (Ref. 4787) Wheeler, A.0 A list of the common and scientific names of fishes of the British Isles. J. Fish Biol. 41(suppl.A):1-37. (Ref. 5204) Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall0 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222) Djabali, F., A. Mehailia, M. Koudil and B. Brahmi0 Empirical equations for the estimation of natural mortality in Mediterranean teleosts. Naga, ICLARM Q. 16(1):35-37. (Ref. 5533) Chauvet, C.0 Étude de la croissance du mérou <i>Epinephelus guaza</i> (Linné 1758) des côtes tunisiennes. Aquat. Living Resour. 1:277-288. (Ref. 5550) Grabda, E. and T. Heese0 Polskie nazewnictwo popularne kraglouste i ryby. Cyclostomata et Pisces. Wyzsza Szkola Inzynierska w Koszalinie. Koszalin, Poland. 171 p. (in Polish). (Ref. 6313) Zannou, L.H.0 Liste de quelques espèces animales des eaux marines de la République populaire du Benin. Projet des Pêche Maritime Artisanale. Direction des Pêches, Cotonou, Benin. (Manuscript, 6 p.). (Ref. 6315) Crawford, R.0 World record game fishes 1993. The International Game Fish Association, Pompano Beach, Florida. (Ref. 6323) Smith, C.L.0 A revision of the American groupers: <i>Epinephelus</i> and allied genera. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. N.Y.146:1-241. (Ref. 6572) Ofori-adu, D.W.0 List of fishes, shellfishes and other marine food resources in the Ghanaian coastal waters. Mar. Fish. Res. Tech. Pap. No. 1. 43 p. (Ref. 6810) Smale, M.J.0 The feeding biology of four predatory reef fishes off the south-eastern Cape coast, South Africa. S. Afr. J. Zool. 21(2):111-130. (Ref. 6842) FAO0 FAO Yearbook. Fishery statistics: catches and landings. Vol. 74: 1992. FAO Fish. Ser. 43:677 p. (Ref. 8984) Economidis, P.S.0 Catalogue of the fishes of Greece. Reprinted from Hellenic Oceanology and Limnology, Praktika of the Inst. of Ocean. and Fishing Research, vol. 11 (1972). (Ref. 9057) FAO-FIDI0 International Standard Statistical Classification of Aquatic Animals and Plants (ISSCAAP). Fishery Information, Data and Statistics Service, Fisheries Department, FAO, Rome, Italy. (Ref. 9156) Dauzat, A., J. Dubois and H. Mitterand0 Nouveau dictionnaire étymologique et historique. Librairie Larousse (Canada), 805 p. (Ref. 9404) Frimodt, C.0 Multilingual illustrated guide to the world's commercial warmwater fish. Fishing News Books, Osney Mead, Oxford, England. 215 p. (Ref. 9987) Heemstra, P.C.0 Additions and corrections for the 1995 impression. p. v-xv. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Revised Edition of Smiths' Sea Fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 11228) Randall, J.E.0 Coastal fishes of Oman. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. 439 p. (Ref. 11441) Rey, A. and J. Rey-Debove (eds.)0 Le Petit Robert: Dictionnaire alphabétique et analogique de la langue française. Vol. 1. Les Dictionnaires Le Robert, Paris, 2172 p. (Ref. 11853) Swaby, S.E. and G.W. Potts0 Rare British marine fishes - identification and conservation. J. Fish Biol. 37(Suppl.A):133-143. (Ref. 12140) Baillie, J. and B. Groombridge (eds.)0 1996 IUCN red list of threatened animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland. 378 p. (Ref. 12255) Göthel, H.0 Fauna marina del Mediterráneo. Ediciones Omega, S.A., Barcelona. 319 p. (Ref. 12382) Brum, M.J.I.0 Cytogenetic studies of Brazilian marine fish. Braz. J. Genet. 19(3):421-427. (Ref. 12736) Vakily, J.M.0 Sierra Leone Fishery Surveys Database System (FisDas). Vol. 1 User manual; vol. 2 Technical Reference Handbook, IMBO, Freetown/ ICLARM, Manila. (Ref. 13306) Derbal, F. and M.H. Kara0 Alimentation estivale d'<i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> d'Est Algérie. Cybium 20(3):295-301. (Ref. 13352) Anonymous0 Bulletin statistique des pêches, année 1996. République de Guinée, Centre National des Sciences Halieutiques de Boussoura (C.N.S.H.B.). Bull. Stat. No. 2. 35 p. + 2 annexes. (Ref. 13697) Amori, G., F.M. Angelici, S. Frugis, G. Gandolfi, R. Groppali, B. Lanza, G. Relini and G. Vicini0 Vertebrata. In A. Minelli, S. Ruffo and S. La Posta (eds.) Checklist delle specie della fauna Italiana, 110. Calderini, Bologna, 83 p. (Ref. 13729) Sanches, J.G.0 Nomenclatura Portuguesa de organismos aquáticos (proposta para normalização estatística). Publ. Avuls. Inst. Nac. Invest. Pescas 14:322 p. (Ref. 26388) Reiner, F.0 Catálogo dos peixes do arquipélago de Cabo Verde. Publ. Avuls. Inst. Port. Invest. Mar. 2:339 p. (Ref. 27000) Bianchi, G., K.E. Carpenter, J.-P. Roux, F.J. Molloy, D. Boyer and H.J. Boyer0 FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. Field guide to the living marine resources of Namibia. FAO, Rome. 265p. (Ref. 27121) Lesnoff, M. and A. Damiano0 Guide de reconnaissance des principales espèces d'intérêt commercial de la ZEE guinéenne. Doc. Hors Sér. Cent. Nat. Sci. Halieut. Boussoua, non. pag. Bulletin Statistique des Pêches No. 3. (Ref. 28012) Randall, J.E.0 Randall's tank photos. Collection of 10,000 large-format photos (slides) of dead fishes. Unpublished. (Ref. 28618) Randolph, S. and M. Snyder0 The seafood list: FDA's guide to acceptable market names for seafood sold in interstate commerce. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, USA. pag. var. (Ref. 30426) Diaw, A.A.0 Un vocabulaire Wolof de la faune au Sénégal. Les Langues Nationales au Senegal no. 67. Centre de Linguistique Appliquee de Dakar. (Ref. 30556) Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Bernice P. Bishop Museum (BPBM). Bishop Museum, 1525 Bernice Street, Honolulu, Hawai`I, 96817-0916 USA. (Ref. 31667) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982) Lanfranco, G.G.0 The fish around Malta (Central Mediterranean). Progress Press Co. Ltd. (Malta). 132 p. (Ref. 33971) Afonso, P., F.M. Porteiro, R.S. Santos, J.P. Barreiros, J. Worms and P. Wirtz0 Coastal marine fishes of São Tomé Island (Gulf of Guinea). Arquipélago 17(A):65-92. (Ref. 34088) Osório, B.0 Indicações de algumas espécies que devem ser acrescentadas à fauna ichtyológica da ilha de S. Thomé. J. Sci. Math. Phys. Nat. 7(27):156-158. (Ref. 34504) Frade, F. and F.C. Costa0 Investigações sobre os peixes de superfície e a pesca nas ilhas de São Tomé e do Príncipe. Conferência Internacional dos Africanistas Ocidentais, 6a sessão, São Tomé, Communicações 4:152-175. (Ref. 34508) Alegre, M., J. Lleonart and J. Veny0 Espècies pesqueres d'interès comercial. Nomenclatura oficial catalana. Departament de Cultura, Generalitat Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain. (Ref. 35117) Santos, R.S., F.M. Porteiro and J.P. Barreiros0 Marine fishes of the Azores: annotated checklist and bibliography. Bulletin of the University of Azores. Supplement 1. 244 p. (Ref. 35204) Hilton-Taylor, C.0 2000 IUCN red list of threatened species. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. xviii + 61 p. (with 1 CD-ROM). (Ref. 36508) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. (Ref. 36670) Bianchi, G., K.E. Carpenter, J.-P. Roux, F.J. Molloy, D. Boyer and H.J. Boyer0 FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. Field guide to the living marine resources of Namibia. FAO, Rome. 265 p. (Ref. 36731) Chavance, P., A. Damiano, A. Diallo, A. Doumbouya, L. Drapeau, M. Koulibaly, E. Morize, A. Sidibé, M. Soumah and S. Traoré0 Bulletin Statistique des Pêches. Année 1995. Republique de Guinee. Ministere des peches et de l'elevage. Centre national des sciences halieutiques de boussoura. (Ref. 37184) da Silva Monteiro, V.M.0 Peixes de Cabo Verde. Ministério do Mar, Gabinete do Secretário de Estado da Cultura. M2-Artes Gráficas, Lda., Lisbon. 179p. (Ref. 37413) Nomura, H.0 Dicionário dos peixes do Brasil. Brasília: Editerra. 482p. (Ref. 38265) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732) Stancioiu, S.0 Ihtiologie sistematica. MEI-Universitatea din Galati, Atelierul de multiplicare-legatorie, Cda. Nr. 1785/3,03,86. (Ref. 39152) Crespo, J., J. Gajate and R. Ponce0 Clasificación científica e identificación de nombres vernáculos existentes en la base de datos de seguimiento informático de recursos naturales oceánicos. Instituto Español de Oceanografia, Madrid, Spain. 414 p. (Ref. 39531) Lanfranco, G.G.0 The fish around Malta. Progress Press Co., Ltd., Malta. (Ref. 39819) IGFA0 Database of IGFA angling records until 2001. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA. (Ref. 40637) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414) Economidis, P.S.0 Common names of Hellenic marine fishes. Aristotle University, Unpublished Technical Report. (Ref. 41474) Economidis, P.S. and E. Koutrakis0 Common names of comercially important Hellenic marine organisms. Aristotle University, Unpublished Technical Report. (Ref. 41475) Deval, M.C.0 Common names of marine fishes of Turkey. Unpublished report. (Ref. 41476) Szpilman, M.0 Peixes marinhos do Brasil: guia prático de identificação. Rio de Janeiro, Instituto Ecológico Aqualung. 288 p. (Ref. 42071) Wheeler, A.0 The fishes of the British Isles and northwest Europe. Macmillan. (Ref. 42360) Nunes, A.0 Peixes da Madeira. Edição da Junta Geral do distrito Autón. (Ref. 43402) Chan, T.T.C. and Y. Sadovy0 Reproductive biology, age and growth in the chocolate hind, <i>Cephalopholis boenak</i> (Bloch, 1790), in Hong Kong. Mar. Freshwat. Res. (53):791-803. (Ref. 45317) Bouchereau, J.L., P. Body and C. Chauvet0 Growth in the dusky grouper <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Linnaeus, 1758) (Teleostei, Serranidae) in the Natural Marine Reserve of Lavezzi Islands, Corsica, France. Sci. Mar. 63(1):71-77. (Ref. 45386) Coursieres, D.M., V. Gracia and F. Castello-Orvay0 Passive integrated transponder tagging of dusky grouper, <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834). Serie Monografias Del ICCM 4:203-205. (Ref. 45918) Reñones, O., N.V.C. Polunin and R. Goni0 Size related dietary shifts of <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> in a western Mediterranean littoral ecosystem: an isotope and stomach content analysis. J. Fish Biol. 61(1):122-137. (Ref. 46381) Anonymous0 Fish collection of the Royal Ontario Museum. Royal Ontario Museum. (Ref. 47438) Papaconstantinou, C.0 Check-list of marine fishes of Greece. Fauna Graeciae IV, 257 p. (Ref. 48657) Marino, G., E. Azzurro, A. Massari, M.G. Finoia and A. Mandich0 Reproduction in the dusky grouper from the southern Mediterranean. J. Fish Biol. 58(4):909-927. (Ref. 49726) Quignard, J.P. and J.A. Tomasini0 Mediterranean fish biodiversity. Biol. Mar. Mediterr. 7(3):1-66. (Ref. 50345) Système d’Information et d’Analyse des Pêches, SIAP, CSRP Commission Sous-Régionale de la Pêche, EC European Commission and SAUP Sea Around Us Projet0 Marine ecosystems of the Northwest African subregion. Vancouver (Canada, BC): Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia. 1 CD-ROM. (Ref. 50547) Louisy, P.0 Guide d'identification des poissons marins. Europe et Méditerranée. Paris: Eds. Eugène Ulmer. (Ref. 50675) Lenfant, P., P. Louisy and M.-L. Licari0 Recensement des mérous bruns (<i>Epinephelus marginatus</i>) de la reserve naturelle de Cerbere-Banyuls (France, Méditerranée) effectue en Septembre 2001, Apres 17 Annees de protection. Cybium 27(1):27-36. (Ref. 50759) Heemstra, P.C., W.D. Anderson and P.S. Lobel0 Serranidae. Groupers (seabasses, creolefish, coney, hinds, hamlets, anthiines, and soapfishes). p. 1308-1369. In K.E. Carpenter (ed.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Atlantic. Vol. 2: Bony fishes part 1 (Acipenseridae to Grammatidae). (Ref. 51229) Andrade, A.B., L.F. Machado, M. Hostim-Silva and J.P. Barreiros0 Reproductive biology of the dusky grouper <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834). Brazil. Arch. Biol. Technol. 46(3):373-381. (Ref. 51466) Carl, H.0 Danish fish names. Zoological Museum of Copenhagen. Unpublished. (Ref. 51471) Nión, H., C. Ríos and P. Meneses0 Peces del Uruguay: Lista sistemática y nombres comunes. Montevideo, DINARA, Infopesca. (Ref. 54736) Okeyo, D.O.0 Fishes of Namibia. Unpublished compilation of D.O. Okeyo. (Ref. 54854) Allsop, D.J. and S.A. West0 Constant relative age and size at sex change for sequentially hermaphroditic fish. J. Evol. Biol. 16(2003):921-929. (Ref. 55367) Frota, L.O., P.A.S. Costa and A.C. Braga0 Length-weight relationships of marine fishes from the central Brazilian coast. Naga, WorldFish Center Q. 27(1-2):20-26. (Ref. 55642) Mohamed Fall, K.O.0 Fishes of Mauritania. Unpublished compilation of K.O. Mohamed Fall. (Ref. 55783) Séret, B. and P. Opic0 Poissons de mer de l'ouest Africain tropical. ORSTOM. Initiations-documentations techniques. (Ref. 56247) Bauchot, M.-L.0 Serranidae. p. 454-459 In C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douce et saumâtres de l'Afrique de l'Ouest, Tome 2. Coll. Faune et Flore tropicales 40. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique, Museum National d'Histoire Naturalle, Paris, France and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France. 815 p. (Ref. 57293) Floeter, S.R., J.L. Gasparini, L.A. Rocha, C.E.L. Ferreira, C.A. Rangel and B.M. Feitoza0 Brazilian reef fish fauna: checklist and remarks (updated Jan. 2003). Brazilian Reef Fish Project: www.brazilianreeffish.cjb.net. (Ref. 57756) Bilecenoğlu, M., Taskavak E., S. Mater and M. Kaya0 Checklist of the marine fishes of Turkey. Zootaxa 113(1):1-194. (Ref. 57855) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) Fricke, R., M. Bilecenoglu and H.M. Sari0 Annotated checklist of fish and lamprey species (Gnathostoma and Petromyzontomorphi) of Turkey, including a Red List of threatened and declining species. Stuttgarter Beitr. Naturk. Sea A (706):1-172. (Ref. 58342) Barreiros, J.P. and R.S. Santos0 Notes on the food habits and predatory behaviour of the dusky grouper, <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834) (Pisces: Serranidae) in the Azores. Arquipélago. Life and Marine Sciences 16A:29-35. Ponta Delgada. ISSN 0873-4704. (Ref. 58625) Plejic, T.0 Fische der Adria. Das romanische Element in der kroatischen Ichthyofauna. Mit Glossar der Adriafische Kroatisch-Englisch-Deutsch-Italienisch. Diploma Thesis. University of Leipzig Institute of Applied Linguistics and Translational Studies. (Ref. 58723) Wirtz, P., R. Fricke and M.J. Biscoito0 The coastal fishes of Madeira Island - new records and an annotated check-list. Zootaxa 1715:1-26. (Ref. 74541) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis, 29 April 2008. (Ref. 75549) Machado, L.F., F.A.M.L. Daros, A. Andrade de Bertoncini, M. Hostim-Silva and J.P. Barreiros0 Feeding strategy and trophic ontogeny in <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Serranidae) from Southern Brazil. Cybium 32(1):33-41. (Ref. 75801) Taquet, M. and A. Diringer0 Poissons de l'Océan Indien et de la mer Rouge. Versailles (France): Éditions Quæ. 527 p. (Ref. 81519) Craig, M.T. and P.A. Hastings0 A molecular phylogeny of the groupers of the subfamily Epinephelinae (Serranidae) with revised classification of the epinephelini. Ichthyol. Res. 54:1-17. (Ref. 83414) Dhora, Dh.0 Regjistër I specieve të faunës së Shqipërisë 2010. Shkodër: Camaj-Pipa. 208 p. (Ref. 83428) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. (Ref. 83882) Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.)0 Catalog of fishes. Updated internet version of 25 October 2010. Catalog databases of CAS cited in FishBase (website). (Ref. 85815) Bañón, R., D. Villegas-Ríos, A. Serrano, G. Mucientes and J.C. Arronte0 Marine fishes from Galicia (NW Spain): an updated checklist. Zootaxa 2667:1-27. (Ref. 86578) Sangun, L., E. Akamca and M. Akar0 Weight-length relationships for 39 fish species from the North-Eastern Mediterranean coast of Turkey. Turk J Fish Aquat Sci, 7:37-40. (Ref. 86727) Saad, A.0 Check-list of bony fish collected from the coast of Syria. Turk. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 5:99-106. (Ref. 87676) Torcu, H., Z. Aka and İşbİlİr0 An investigation on fishes of the Turkish Republic of northern Cyprus. Turk J Vet Anim Sci 25: 155-159. (Ref. 88082) Craig, M.T., YJ. Sadovy de Mitcheson and P.C. Heemstra0 Groupers of the world: a field and market guide. North America: CRC Press/Taylor and Francis Group, xix, 356 p., A47 pages appendix. (Ref. 89707) Taquet, M. and A. Diringer0 Mérous de l'Océan Indien. La Réunion: Azalées Editions. 103 p. (Ref. 89967) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062) Mahé, K., M.-L. Cochard, J.-C. Quéro, K. Sevin, N. Bailly and A. Tetard0 First record of <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Serranidae: Epinephelinae) in the eastern English Channel. Cybium 36(3):485-486. (Ref. 92236) Asensio, L., I. Gonzalez, A. Fernandez, A. Cespedes, P.E. Hernandez, T. Garcia and R. Martin0 Identification of nile perch (<i>Lates niloticus</i>), grouper (<i>Epinephelus guaza</i>), and wreck fish (<i>Polyprion americanus</i>) by Polymerase Chain Reaction Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism of a 12S rRNA Gene Fragment. J. Food Prot., 63(9): 1248-1252. (Ref. 92530) Asensio, L., I. Gonzalez, A. Fernandez, M.A. Rodriguez, P.E. Hernandez, T. Garcia and R. Martin0 PCRSSCP: a simple method for the authentication of grouper (<i>Epinephelus guaza</i>), wreck fish (<i>Polyprion americanus</i>), and nile perch (<i>Lates niloticus</i>) fillets. J. Agric. Food Chem., 49(4): 1720-1723. (Ref. 92531) Asensio, L., I. Gonzalez, A. Fernandez, M.A. Rodriguez, E. Lobo, P.E. Hernandez, T. Garcia and R. Martin0 Application of Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Analysis for identification of grouper (<i>Epinephelus guaza</i>), wreck fish (<i>Polyprion americanus</i>), and nile perch (<i>Lates niloticus</i>) fillets. J. Food Prot., 65(2): 432-435. (Ref. 92532) Asensio, L., I. Gonzalez, M.A. Rodriguez, P.E. Hernandez, T. Garcia and R. Martin0 Development of a monoclonal antibody for grouper (<i>Epinephelus marginatus</i>) and wreck fish (<i>Polyprion americanus</i>) authentication using an indirect ELISA. J. Food Sci., 68(6): 1900-1903. (Ref. 92533) Asensio, L., I. Gonzalez, M.A. Rodriguez, B. Mayoral, Calleja, I. Lopez, P.E. Hernandez, T. Garcia and R. Martin0 Identification of grouper (<i>Epinephelus guaza</i>), wreck fish (<i>Polyprion americanus</i>), and nile perch (<i>Lates niloticus</i>) fillets by polyclonal, antibody-based Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. J. Agric. Food Chem., 51(5): 1169-1172. (Ref. 92534) Asensio, L., I. Gonzalez, M.A. Rodriguez, B. Mayoral, Calleja, I. Lopez, P.E. Hernandez, T. Garcia and R. Martin0 Development of a specific monoclonal antibody for grouper (<i>Epinephelus guaza</i>) identification by an indirect Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. J. Food Prot., 66(5): 886-889. (Ref. 92535) Asensio, L., L. Samaniego, M.A. Pavon, I. Gonzalez, T. Garcia and R. Martin0 Detection of grouper mislabelling in the fish market by an immunostick colorimetric ELISA assay. Food Agric. Immunol., 19(2): 141- 147. (Ref. 92536) Astruch, P., P. Lenfant, J.L. Binche, J. Pastor and N. Dalias0 Marquage et suivi du Mérou brun (<i>Epinephelus marginatus</i>) par télémétrie acoustique dans la Réserve Marine de Cerbère-Banyuls (France, Méditerranée Nord-Occidentale). In Second International Symposium on the Mediterranean Groupers, Francour P., Gratiot J. (eds), Nice University publ., Nice : 25-27. (Ref. 92537) Azevedo, J.M.N., J.R. Rodrigues, M. Mendizabal and L.M. Arruda0 Study of a sample of dusky groupers, <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834), caught in a tide pool at Lajes do Pico, Azores. Bol. Mus. Mun. Funchal, 4 : 55-64. (Ref. 92538) Bachet, F. and J.Y. Jouvenel0 Opérations de marquages de mérous capturés sur le littoral du Parc Régional Marin de la Côte Bleue (Méditerranée N.-O., France) (mise au point et application d’une technique opérationnelle). In Symposium International sur les Mérous de Méditerranée. Proc. of a Symposium, 5-7 nov. 1998, at Ile des Embiez, France, Mém. Inst. Oceanogr. P. Ricard: 1-7. (Ref. 92540) Bailly, N.0 Current state of the "grouper" phylogeny and classification : Some thoughts on nomenclature instability (Abstract). In Symposium International sur les Mérous de Méditerranée. Proc. of a Symposium, 5-7 nov. 1998, at Ile des Embiez, France, Mém. Inst. Oceanogr. P. Ricard : 187. Aguilar R.O. (Ref. 92541) Barnabé, G.0 L’élevage des mérous dans le monde. In Symposium International sur les Mérous de Méditerranée. Proc. of a Symposium, 5-7 nov. 1998, at Ile des Embiez, France, Mém. Inst. Oceanogr. P. Ricard : 9-13. (Ref. 92543) Barnabé, G.0 L’élevage de masse des mérous dans le monde. Mar. Life, 9(1): 3-7. (Ref. 92544) Bartoli, P., R.A. Bray and D.I. Gibson0 Opecoelidae (Digenea) from western Mediterranean fishes: three rare species. Syst. Parasitol., 55(2): 81-95. (Ref. 92545) Battiato, A.0 Osservazioni su alcuni stadi giovanili di cenie dei generi <i>Epinephelus</i> e <i>Mycteroperca</i> (Osteichthyes - Serranidae) catturate lungola nuova scogliera asud del porto di Catania. Thalassia Salentina, 12-13 : 3-15. (Ref. 92546) Bodilis, P., A. Ganteaume and P. Francour0 Presence of 1 year-old dusky groupers along the French Mediterranean coast. J. Fish Biol. 62(1):242-246. (Ref. 92550) Boglione, C., C. Costa, M. De Francesco, M. Fantozzi, F. Gagliardi, A. Loy, M. Scardi, C. Selmo, A. Spanò, S. Cataudella and …0 Monitoraggio della qualita larvale e di giovanili di teleostei di acquacoltura come sistema di controllo delle tecniche di riproduzione e di primo allevamento : applicazione alle produzioni consolidate ed a quelle innovative. Atti. 'Le Ricerche sulla Pesca e sull' Acquacoltura nell'ambito della L. 41/82'. Parte seconda: Acquacoltura. Roma, 15-16 Dicembre 1998. Biol. Mar. Mediterr., 5(3) : 949-958. (Ref. 92551) Boglione, C., C. Selmo, M. Contegiacomo, M.T. Spedicato and S. Cataudella0 Preliminary contribution to knowledge of the sensory ontogenesis of the dusky grouper, <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834). In Symposium International sur les Mérous de Méditerranée. Proc. of a Symposium, 5-7 nov. 1998, at Ile des Embiez, France, Mém. Inst. Oceanogr. P. Ricard : 15-24. (Ref. 92552) Boglione, C., C. Selmo, M. Contegiacomo, M.T. Spedicato and S. Cataudella0 Preliminary contribution to the knowledge of the sensory development and apparatus of the dusky grouper <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834). Mar. Life., 9(1): 9-17. (Ref. 92553) Bouain, A.0 Sexualité et cycle sexuel des mérous (Poissons, Teleostéens, Serranidés) des Côtes du Sud Tunisien. Bull. Off. Natl. Peches (Tunisia), 4(2) : 215-229. (Ref. 92555) Bouain, A.0 Croissance linéaire des mérous du golfe de Gabes (Tunisie). Cybium 10(3):299-302. (Ref. 92556) Bouain, A and Y. Siau0 Observations on the female reproductive cycle and fecundity of three species of groupers (<i>Epinephelus</i>) from the southeast Tunisian seashores. Marine Biology, Berlin, Heidelberg, 73(2) : 211- 220. (Ref. 92557) Briquet-Laugier, J.C., O. Chancollon, J.M. Cottalorda and P. Francour0 Vers une évaluation économique du mérou en Méditerranée? In Second International Symposium on the Mediterranean Groupers, Francour P., Gratiot J. (eds), Nice University publ., Nice : 37-48. (Ref. 92558) Bruslé, J. and S. Bruslé0 Contribution to the study of the reproduction of two species of groupers, <i>E. aeneus</i> (G. Saint-Hilaire, 1809) and <i>E. guaza</i> (Linné, 1758) on the coasts of Tunisia. Rev. Trav. Inst. Pêches Marit., 39(3) : 313-320. (Ref. 92559) Bruslé, J. and S. Bruslé0 Contribution to the study of the reproduction of two species of grouper (<i>Epinephelus aeneus</i> and <i>E. guaza</i>) from the coasts of Tunisia. Rapp. P.V. Reun., Comm. Int. Explor. Sci. Mer Mediterr., Monaco, 23(8) : 49-50. (Ref. 92560) Bruslé, J.0 Exposé synoptique des données biologiques sur les mérous <i>Epinephelus aeneus</i> (Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, 1809) et <i>Epinephelus guaza</i> (Linnaeus, 1758) de l'Océan Atlantique et de la Méditerranée. Rapport FAO. 64p. (Ref. 92561) Bruslé, J. and G. Prunus0 Relation taille-poids chez les mérous méditerranéens <i>Epinephelus aeneus</i> et <i>Epinephelus guaza</i>. Cybium 4(11):15-21. (Ref. 92562) Canestri Trotti, G., M.L. Fioravanti, P.P. Patarnello and R. Restani0 Capsule branchiali da trematodi didymozoidae in cernie (<i>Epinephelus guaza</i>) (Perciforme: Serranidae) dell' adriatico meridionale. Parassitologia, 36(suppl). (Ref. 92564) Carbonara, P., D. Bilello, G. Caminita, F. Caminita, G. Caserta, A. Licciardi, G. Lo Schiavo, C. Natale and R. Agami0 Lo studio della cernia di scoglio (<i>Epinephelus marginatus</i>, Lowe 1834) nella riserva marina di Ustica: osservazioni sulla cattura, la riabilitazione ed il rilascio di individui marcati con trasmettitori acustici. Biol. Mar. Mediterr., 6(1) : 243-246. (Ref. 92565) Castello Orvay, F. and A. Vilar0 Effects of different types of food on the growth of captive grouper (<i>Epinephelus guaza</i>). Ghent (Belgium) : European Aquaculture Society. (Ref. 92567) Cau, A.0 Secondo contributo alla conoscenza dell'ittiofauna batiale dei mari circostanti la Sardegna meridionale (Osteichthyes). Quaderni della civica Stazione Idrobiologica di Milano, (8) : 39-44. (Ref. 92568) Cavalcanti, M.J. and P.R.D. Lopes0 Multivariate morphometric analysis of five Serranidae species (Teleostei, Perciformes). Acta Biol. Leopold. 15(1):53-64. (Ref. 92569) Cavalcanti, M.J., L.R. Monteiro and P.R.D. Lopes0 Landmark based morphometric analysis in selected species of Serranid fishes (Perciformes: Teleostei). Zool. Stud., 38(3): 287-294. (Ref. 92570) Caveriviere, A. and D. Toure0 Uncommon mortality of groupers at the end of the warm season in the coastal area of Senegal (West Africa). In Biology, fisheries and culture of tropical groupers and snappers, ICLARM Conf. Proc., 48 : 96-105. (Ref. 92571) Chauvet, C.0 Calcul par otolimétrie de la relation. Long. T - Âge d’<i>Epinephelus guaza</i> (Linné 1758) de la Côte Nord de la Tunisie. Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer Médit., 27(5) : 103-106. (Ref. 92572) Chauvet, C.0 Le frai d’<i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834): seize années d’observations in situ (1976 à 1992). In Second International Symposium on the Mediterranean Groupers, Francour P., Gratiot J.(eds), Nice University publ., Nice : 51-54. (Ref. 92573) Chauvet, C. and P. Francour0 Les mérous du parc national de Port-Cros: aspects socio-démographiques. Bull. Soc. zool. France, 114(4) : 5-13. (Ref. 92574) Ciulli, S., P. Di Marco, A. Natale, E. Galletti, M. Battilani, A. Scagliarini, G. Purpari, V. Cannella, F. Castiglione and A. Guercio0 Evidenziazione e caratterizzazione di Betanodavirus in specie ittiche selvatiche nel mare di Sicilia. Ittiopatologia, 3(2) : 101-112. (Ref. 92575) Coll, J., A. Garcia-Rubies, J. Moranta, S. Stefanni and B. Morales-Nin0 Sport fishing prohibition effects on the population structure of <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834) (Pisces, Serranidae) in the Cabrera Archipelago Natinal Park (Mallorca, W Mediterranean) (Abstract). In Symposium International sur les Mérous de Méditerranée. Proc. of a Symposium, 5-7 nov. 1998, at Ile des Embiez, France, Mém. Inst. Oceanogr. P. Ricard : 188. (Ref. 92577) Coll, J., M. Linde, A. Garcia-Rubies, F. Riera and A.M. Grau0 Spear fishing in the Balearic Islands (West Central Mediterranean): species affected and catch evolution during the period 1975-2001. Fish. Res. 70(1):97-111. (Ref. 92578) Coll, J., A. Garcia-Rubies, G. Morey, O. Navarro, S. Martino, F. Riera and A.M. Grau0 The North of Minorca Marine Reserve (NW Mediterranean) as a tool for a sustainable management of natural resources. The case of the dusky grouper <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834). In Second International Symposium on the Mediterranean Groupers, Francour P., Gratiot J.(eds), Nice University publ., Nice : 55-58. (Ref. 92579) Condini, M.V.L., A.M. Garcia and J.P. Vieira0 Fishery's description and socioeconomic profile of the fishermen of the dusky grouper <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe) (Serranidae: Epinephelinae) in the west jetty of the Rio Grande, Rio Grande do sul state, Brazil. Pan-Am J. Aquat. Sci., 2(3) : 279-287. (Ref. 92580) Contegiacomo, M., P. Carbonara, G. Lembo and M.T. Spedicato0 Some observations on the sexual condition and gonad maturation of the dusky grouper <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834) in captivity. In Symposium International sur les Mérous de Méditerranée. Proc. of a Symposium, 5-7 nov. 1998, at Ile des Embiez, France, Mém. Inst. Oceanogr. P. Ricard : 25-28. (Ref. 92581) Cottalorda, J.M. and P. Francour0 Évolution de la population de mérous bruns (<i>Epinephelus marginatus</i>) entre 1995 et 2006 dans les eaux de la Principauté de Monaco. in: Second International Symposium on the Mediterranean Groupers. Nice, May 10-13th 2007. Francour P., Gratiot J., eds, Nice University publ., Nice, France: 59-61 p. (Ref. 92582) Cozzolino, G., L. Valentini and P. Minoia0 Adaptation to captivity of <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834), broodstock settlement and induction of gonadal development by hormonal stimulation : Preliminary observations. Biol Mar. Mediterr., 6(1) : 306-309. (Ref. 92583) Culioli, J.M. and J.P. Quignard0 Suivi de la démographie et de la territorialité des mâles de mérous bruns <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834) (Pisces, Serranidae) du site du Pellu (Réserve naturelle des îles Lavezzi, Corse, Méditerranée N.O.). In Symposium International sur les Mérous de Méditerranée. Proc. of a Symposium, 5-7 nov. 1998, at Ile des Embiez, France, Mém. Inst. Oceanogr. P. Ricard : 29-36. (Ref. 92585) Culioli, J.M. and J.P. Quignard0 Suivi de la démographie et du comportement territorial des mâles des mérous bruns <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834) (Pisces, Serranidae) du site du Pellu (Réserve naturelle des Bouches de Bonifacio, Corse, Méditerranée N.O.). Mar. Life, 9(2): 3-9. (Ref. 92586) Dantart, L., P. Rovira, B. Hereu and A. Duday0 Early development of the dusky grouper (<i>Epinephelus marginatus</i>) from natural spawns. In Symposium International sur les Mérous de Méditerranée. Proc. of a Symposium, 5-7 nov. 1998, at Ile des Embiez, France, Mém. Inst. Oceanogr. P. Ricard : 37-43. (Ref. 92589) De Aguilar, C.T. and P.M., Galetti Jr.0 Chromosomal studies in South Atlantic Serranids (Pisces, Perciformes). Cytobios, 89(357) : 105-114. (Ref. 92590) De Innocentiis, S., A. Longobardi and G. Marino0 Molecular tools in a marine restocking program for the endangered dusky grouper, <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i>. Rev. Fish. Sci. 16(1): 269-277. (Ref. 92591) De Innocentiis, S., A. Longobardi and G. Marino0 Genetic monitoring of breeding practices for <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> in a restocking program. In Second International Symposium on the Mediterranean Groupers, Francour P., Gratiot J.(eds), Nice University publ., Nice : 63-66. (Ref. 92592) Derbal, F. and M.H. Kara0 Estival feeding of the grouper, <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i>, of Algerian east coasts. Cybium 20(3):295-301. (Ref. 92593) Derbal, F. and M.H. Kara0 Habitat et comportement du mérou <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> dans la région d’Annaba (Algérie). Cah. Biol. Mar., 36(1): 29-32. (Ref. 92594) Desse, J.0 Préhistoire du Mérou. Mar. Life, 9(1) : 19-30. (Ref. 92596) Desse, J. and N. Desse-Berset0 Préhistoire du mérou. In Symposium International sur les Mérous de Méditerranée. Proc. of a Symposium, 5-7 nov. 1998, at Ile des Embiez, France, Mém. Inst. Oceanogr. P. Ricard : 45-57. (Ref. 92597) Desse-Berset, N. and J. Desse0 Il y a dix mille ans le mérou: découvertes archéozoologiques récentes dans l’Île de Chypre. In Second International Symposium on the Mediterranean Groupers, Francour P., Gratiot J.(eds), Nice University publ., Nice : 73-76. (Ref. 92598) Diatta, Y., A. Bouain, F.L. Clotilde Ba and C. Capapé0 Diet of four serranid species from the Senegalese coast (eastern tropical Atlantic). Acta Adriat. 44(2):175-182. (Ref. 92602) Di Cave, D., E. Azzurro, F. Berrilli, M. Blasilli, F. Cardia and P. Orecchia0 Parasites of wild dusky grouper <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834) (Pisces: Epinephelidae) in Mediterranean Sea. Parassitologia, 46(Suppl. 1) : 147. (Ref. 92603) Di Cave, D., C. de Liberato, F. Berrilli, G. Marino, E. Azzurro and P. Orecchi0 Metazoan parasites in the wild dusky grouper (<i>Epinephelus marginatus</i>, 1834) (Abstract). In Symposium International sur les Mérous de Méditerranée. Proc. of a Symposium, 5-7 nov. 1998, at Ile des Embiez, France, Mém. Inst. Oceanogr. P. Ricard : 189. (Ref. 92604) Di Marco, P. and G. Marino0 Effects of capture stress on some blood components in <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Pisces, Serranidae). Biol. Mar. Mediterr. 6(1) : 695-699. (Ref. 92605) Diouf, J.N. and B.S. Toguebaye0 Study of some marine fish coccidia of the genus <i>Eimeria</i>, Schneider, 1815, (Apicomplexa, Coccidia) from Senegal coasts. Acta Protozool. 33(4):239-250. (Ref. 92606) Dos, Santos, R.A. and M. Haimovici0 The argentine short-finned squid <i>Illex argentinus</i> in the food webs of southern Brazil. Sarsia, 85(1) : 49-60. (Ref. 92607) Dos, Santos, R.A. and M. Haimovici0 Cephalopods in the trophic relations off southern Brazil. Bull. Mar. Sci. 71(2): 753-770. (Ref. 92608) Dufour, F., P. Guidetti and P. Francour0 Comparaison des inventaires de poissons dans les aires marines protégées de Méditerranée: influence de la surface et l'ancienneté. Cybium 31(1):19-31. (Ref. 92609) Dulčić, J. and L. Lipej0 New record of marine fishes from the Slovenian coastal waters. Falco, 11(12) : 35-40. (Ref. 92610) Emara, H.I., M.S. El-Deek and N.S. Ahmed0 A comparative study on the levels of trace metals in some mediterranean and red sea fishes. Chem. Ecol., 8(2): 119-127. (Ref. 92612) Erzini, K., J.M.S. Goncalves, L. Bentes, P.G. Lino and J. Ribeiro0 The hake semi-pelagic (pedra-boia) longline fishery in Algarve (southern Portugal) waters : catch composition, catch rates, discards, hook selectivity, and inter-annual variability. ICES, Copenhagen (Denmark). 12 pp. (Ref. 92613) Euzet, L. and G. Oliver0 Diplectanidae (Monogenea) de Téléostéens de la Méditerranée occidentale. II. Parasites d’<i>Epinephelus gigas</i> (Brünnich, 1768). Annales de Parasitologie humaine et comparée, 40(5) : 517- 523. (Ref. 92614) Fagundes, N.E. and D. Benetti0 Nocoes sobre o crescimento e perspectivas de cultivo da garoupa-verdadeira (<i>Epinephelus guaza</i>, Linnaeus, 1758) Pisces, Serranidae. In 3. Simp. Brasileiro de Aquicultura, Sao Carlos (Brazil), 4 Oct 1983, Inst. Pesq. Mar., Brazil. (Ref. 92616) Faure, E., A. Gilles, A. Miquelis, M.H. Kara and J.P. Quignard0 Phylogéographie moléculaire du mérou brun de Méditerranée occidentale (<i>Epinephelus marginatus</i>, Pisces, Serranidae, Lowe 1834). in: Symposium International sur les Mérous de Méditerranée. Proc. of a Symposium, 5-7 nov. 1998, at Ile des Embiez, France, Mém. Inst. Oceanogr. P. Ricard : 9-13. (Ref. 92617) Faure, E., A. Gilles, A. Miquelis, M.H. Kara and J.P. Quignard0 Phylogéographie moléculaire du mérou brun de Méditerranée occidentale (<i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834), Teleostei, Serranidae). Mar. Life, 9(1): 31-35. (Ref. 92618) Fennessy, S.T.0 Biology and management of some sex-changing rockcods (Serranidae) from Southern Africa. In Poissons et Pêches Africains Diversité et Utilisation, Coetzee L., Gon J., Kulongowski C.(eds), Grahamstown (South Africa) : FISA/PARADI. 112 p. (Ref. 92620) Fennessy, S.T.0 Reproductive biology and growth of the yellowbelly rockcod <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Serranidae) from south-east Africa. Afr. J. Mar. Sci. 28(1):1-11. (Ref. 92621) Francour, P. and F. Finelli0 Complément à l'inventaire des poissons marins de la réserve de Scandola (Corse, Méditerranée nord-occidentale). Trav. sci. Parc nat. région. Rés. nat. Corse, 31:35-53. (Ref. 92623) Francour, P. and A. Ganteaume0 L'arrivée progressive de jeunes mérous (<i>Epinephelus marginatus</i>) en Méditerranée nord-occidentale. Mar. Life, 9(1):37-45. (Ref. 92624) Francour, P. and J.G. Harmelin0 Inventaire de la faune ichtyologique marine de Port-Cros (Méditerranée occidentale). Sci. Rep. Port-Cros natl. Park, 14 : 65-79. (Ref. 92625) Froese, R.0 Keep it simple: Three indicators to deal with overfishing. Fish. Fish, 5(1) : 86-91. (Ref. 92626) Ganteaume, A. and P. Francour0 Evolution of the dusky grouper population (<i>Epinephelus marginatus</i>) between 1997 and 2005 in a non-protected area (Gulf of La Ciotat, France, NW Mediterranean). in: Second International Symposium on the Mediterranean Groupers. Nice, May 10-13th 2007. Francour P., Gratiot J., eds, Nice University publ., Nice, France: 79-81 p. (Ref. 92627) Garcez, D.S.0 Characteristics, operational pattern and fishery production of the bottom-liner fleet off southeastern Brazil. Arq. Cienc. Mar., 33 : 27-32. (Ref. 92628) Garcia, D. and F. Alazard0 Réalisation d’une interface informatisée pour la photo-identification du mérou brun de Méditerranée <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834) (Pisces, Serranidae). In Symposium International sur les Mérous de Méditerranée. Proc. of a Symposium, 5-7 nov. 1998, at Ile des Embiez, France, Mém. Inst. Oceanogr. P. Ricard : 75-81. (Ref. 92629) Garcia-Rubies, A. and M. Zabala0 The Medes Islands Marine Reserve (NW Spain) : a long term study of <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834) population (1991-1997) (Abstract). In Symposium International sur les Mérous de Méditerranée. Proc. of a Symposium, 5-7 nov. 1998, at Ile des Embiez, France, Mém. Inst. Oceanogr. P. Ricard : 190. (Ref. 92630) Garcia-Rubies, A. and M. Zabala0 Effects of total fishing prohibition on the rocky fish assemblages of Medes Islands marine reserve (NW Mediterranean). Sci. Mar., 54(4) : 317-328. (Ref. 92631) Gascuel, D. and F. Menard0 Assessment of a multispecies fishery in Senegal, using production models and diversity indices. Aquat. Living Resour., 10(5): 281-288. (Ref. 92632) GEM0 Recensement de la population de mérou brun (<i>Epinephelus marginatus</i>: Pisces) du Parc national de Port-Cros (France, Méditerranée) en 2005. Sci. Rep. Port-Cros natl. Park, 22:39-48. (Ref. 92637) Genc, E., M.A. Genc, I. Cengizler and M. Can0 Seasonal variation and pathology associated with helminthes infecting two Serranids (Teleostei) of Iskenderun Bay (Northeast Mediterranean Sea), Turkey. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 5(1): 29-33. (Ref. 92638) Giannetto, S., F. Marino, V. Peretti and G. De Vico0 Light and scanning electron microscopy observations on <i>Gnathia vorax</i> (Isopoda: Gnathiidae) larvae in grouper (<i>Epinephelus marginatus</i>). Boll. Soc. Ital. Patol. Ittica, 11(26) : 58-63. (Ref. 92641) Gilles, A., A. Miquelis, J.-P. Quignard and E. Faure0 Molecular phylogeography of western Mediterranean dusky grouper <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i>. Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, Série III. Sciences de la Vie 323(2): 195-205. (Ref. 92643) Glamuzina, B.0 Recent changes of Adriatic ichthyofauna: threat or benefit to local fishery. Precautionary approach to local fisheries in the Mediterranean Sea. CIESM Workshop Ser., 7: 71-72. (Ref. 92644) Glamuzina, B., N. Glavic, B. Skaramuca and V. Kozul0 Induced sex reversal of dusky grouper, <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe). Aquacult. Res., 29(8): 563-567. (Ref. 92645) Glamuzina, B., N. Glavic, B. Skaramuca, V. Kozul and P. Tutman0 Early development of the hybrid <i>Epinephelus costae</i> female x <i>E. marginatus</i> male. Aquaculture, 198(1-2): 55-61. (Ref. 92646) Glamuzina, B., V. Kozul, P. Tutman and B. Skaramuca0 Hybridization of Mediterranean groupers: <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> x <i>E. aeneus</i> and early development. Aquacult. Res. 30(8): 625-628. (Ref. 92649) Glamuzina, B. and B. Skaramuca0 A review: Adriatic groupers - status of natural populations and breeding perspectives. Acta Adriat. 40(Suppl.):79-90. (Ref. 92650) Glamuzina, B., B. Skaramuca, N. Glavic and V. Kozul0 Preliminary studies on reproduction and early life stages in rearing trials with dusky grouper, <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834). Aquacult. Res., 29(10): 769- 771. (Ref. 92651) Glamuzina, B., B. Skaramuca, N. Glavic, V. Kozul, J. Dulcic and M. Kraljevic0 Egg and early larval development of laboratory reared dusky grouper, <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834) (Pisces, Serranidae). Sci. Mar., 62(4) : 373-378. (Ref. 92652) Glamuzina, B., B. Skaramuca and V. Kozul0 Female reproductive cycle of the dusky grouper, <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834) in captivity. Acta Adriat. 41(2):79-88. (Ref. 92653) Goarant, C.0 Contribution à l'étude des populations de mérous bruns (<i>Epinephelus marginatus</i>) dans le bassin méditerranéen occidental par l'étude du polymorphisme enzymatique. Thèse de Doctorat Ecole Natl. Vétérinaire de Lyon, France. Université Lyon 1. 57 p. (Ref. 92658) Govindaraju, G.S. and P. Jayasankar0 Taxonomic relationship among seven species of groupers (genus <i>Epinephelus</i>; family Serranidae) as revealed by RAPD fingerprinting. Mar. Biotechnol.,EZ, 6(3): 229-237. (Ref. 92660) Gracia Lopez, V. and F. Castello Orvay0 Growth of <i>Epinephelus guaza</i> under different culture conditions. Cah. Options Méditerr., Zaragoza : 149-155. (Ref. 92661) Gracia Lopez, V. and F. Castello Orvay0 Preliminary data on the culture of juveniles of the dusky grouper, <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834). Hidrobiologica (Iztapalapa), 13(4) : 321-327. (Ref. 92662) Guidetti, P., S. Bussotti, P. Panzalis, S. Bava, E. Trainito, S. Vitale, C. Morri, R. Cattaneo-Vietti, A. Navone and C.N. Bianchi0 Ecological and management implications of protecting <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> at the Tavolara-Punta Coda Cavallo Marine Protected Area (NE Sardinia, Italy : Western Mediterranean Sea). In Second International Symposium on the Mediterranean Groupers, Francour P., Gratiot J.(eds), Nice University publ., Nice :83-86. (Ref. 92663) Guidetti, P., M. Milazzo, S. Bussotti, A. Molinari, M. Murenu, A. Pais, N. Spanò, R. Balzano, T. Agardy, F. Boero, G. Carrada, R. Cattaneo-Vietti, A. Cau, R. Chemello, S. Greco, A. Manganaro, i, Sciara, G. Notarbartolo and G.F. … Russo0 Italian marine reserve effectiveness: Does enforcement matter? Biological Conservation, 141(3):699-709. (Ref. 92664) Haimovici, M., A.S. Martins, J.L. Figueiredo and P.C. Vieira0 Demersal bony fish of the outer shelf and upper slope of the southern Brazil subtropical convergence ecosystem. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 108(1-2):59-77. (Ref. 92665) Harmelin, J.G. and M. Harmelin-Vivien0 A review on habitat, diet and growth of the dusky grouper, <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834). In Symposium International sur les Mérous de Méditerranée. Proc. of a Symposium, 5-7 nov. 1998, at Ile des Embiez, France, Mém. Inst. Oceanogr. P. Ricard : 83-94. (Ref. 92666) Harmelin, J.G. and P. Robert0 Mérou brun: ses origines, sa vie, sa protection. Oceanorama, 18 : 3-7. (Ref. 92667) Hereu, B., D. Diaz, J. Pasqual, M. Zabala and E. Sala0 Temporal patterns of spawning of the dusky grouper <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> in relation to environmental factors. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 325:187-194. (Ref. 92669) Hereu, B., L. Dantart, D. Diaz, M. Mari, J. Pascual and M. Zabala0 Aspects on the spawning activity of the dusky grouper <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> in the Medes Islands marine reserve (Abstract). In Symposium International sur les Mérous de Méditerranée. Proc. of a Symposium, 5-7 nov. 1998, at Ile des Embiez, France, Mém. Inst. Oceanogr. P. Ricard : 191. (Ref. 92670) Hinsinger, D.0 Le genre <i>Epinephelus</i> est-il monophylétique? Une phylogénie moléculaire des Epinephelinae (Teleostei, Serranidae). In Second International Symposium on the Mediterranean Groupers, Francour P., Gratiot J. (eds), Nice University publ., Nice : 97-100. (Ref. 92671) Hostim-Silva, M.0 The “Lord of the Rock’s” conservation program in Brazil : the need for a new perception of marine fishes. Coral reefs, 24: 74. (Ref. 92672) Kara, M.H. and F. Derbal0 Exposé synoptique des données biologiques sur le mérou <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834) des côtes algériennes. In Symposium International sur les Mérous de Méditerranée. Proc. of a Symposium, 5-7 nov. 1998, at Ile des Embiez, France, Mém. Inst. Oceanogr. P. Ricard : 95-102. (Ref. 92673) Kara, M.H. and F. Derbal0 Données biologiques sur le mérou <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834) des côtes Algériennes. Mar. Life 9(2):21-27. (Ref. 92674) Kebir, A. and S. Ben Miled0 Grouper gender conflict : effect of the intersexual competition on the asexual individuals. In Second International Symposium on the Mediterranean Groupers, Francour P., Gratiot J. (eds), Nice University publ., Nice : 105-107. (Ref. 92675) Kitto, M.R.0 Larviculture techniques for groupers. Fish Farmer, 26(1): 24-25. (Ref. 92676) Koedprang, W., U. Na Nakorn, M. Nakajima and N. Taniguchi0 Evaluation of genetic diversity of eight grouper species <i>Epinephelus</i> spp. based on microsatellite variations. Fish Sci., 73(2): 227-236. (Ref. 92677) Koenig, C.C., A.N. Shepard, J.K. Reed, F.C. Coleman, S.D. Brooke, J. Brusher and K.M. Scanlon0 Habitat and fish populations in the deep-sea Oculina coral ecosystem of the Western Atlantic. Am. Fish. Soc. Symp., 41: 795-805. (Ref. 92678) Kouyoumjian, H.H., M. Movesessian and E. Najjar0 Levels of mercury, cadmium and copper in fish from Lebanon. Leban Sci. Bull., 2(2) : 57-63. (Ref. 92679) Koven, W., Y. Barr, E. Hadas, I. Ben Atia, Y. Chen, R. Weiss and A. Tandler0 The potential of liposomes as a nutrient supplement in first feeding marine fish larvae. Aquacult. Nutr., 5(4): 251-256. (Ref. 92680) Kukuev, E.I.0 20 years of ichthyofauna research on seamounts of the North Atlantic ridge and adjacent areas. A review. Arch. Fish. Mar. Res., 51(1-3): 215-232. (Ref. 92683) Kulbicki, M.0 Counting Epinephelinae : consequences on abundance estimates. In Second International Symposium on the Mediterranean Groupers, Francour P., Gratiot J. (eds), Nice University publ., Nice : 113-111. (Ref. 92684) Lakkis, S. and W. Sabour0 Distribution and ecology of groupers in Syro-Lebanese coastal waters : are they endangered or menaced. In Second International Symposium on the Mediterranean Groupers, Francour P., Gratiot J. (eds), Nice University publ., Nice : 117-120. (Ref. 92685) La Mesa, G., S. Di Muccio and M. Vacchi0 Abundance, size distribution and habitat preferences in the grouper assemblage of the Ustica Marine Reserve (SW Mediterranean). Cybium 30(4):365-377. (Ref. 92686) Lelong, P.0 Identification individuelle du mérou brun, <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834) par les taches céphaliques. In Symposium International sur les Mérous de Méditerranée. Proc. of a Symposium, 5-7 nov. 1998, at Ile des Embiez, France, Mém. Inst. Oceanogr. P. Ricard: 103-110. (Ref. 92689) Lelong, P.0 Identification individuelle du Mérou Brun, <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834) par les taches céphaliques. Mar. Life, 9(2): 29-35. (Ref. 92690) Lembo, G., I.A. Fleming, F. Okland, P. Carbonara, S. Ragonese and M. Spedicato0 Messa a punto di una tecnica di biotelemetria per la cernia di scoglio (<i>Epinephelus marginatus</i>, Lowe 1834). Atti. 'Le Ricerche sulla Pesca e sull'Acquacoltura nell'ambito della L. 41/82'. Parte seconda: Acquacoltura. Roma, 15-16 Dicembre 1998. Biol. Mar. Mediterr., 5(3) : 1258-1265. (Ref. 92692) Lembo, G., I.A. Fleming, F. Okland, P. Carbonara and M.T. Spedicato0 Site fidelity of the dusky grouper <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834) studied by acoustic telemetry. In Symposium International sur les Mérous de Méditerranée. Proc. of a Symposium, 5-7 nov. 1998, at Ile des Embiez, France, Mém. Inst. Oceanogr. P. Ricard : 111-118. (Ref. 92693) Lembo, G., I.A. Fleming, F. Okland, P. Carbonara and M.T. Spedicato0 Site fidelity of the dusky grouper <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834) studied by acoustic telemetry. Mar. Life, 9(2): 37-43. (Ref. 92694) Lembo, G, I.A Fleming, F Okland, P Carbonara and M.T. Spedicato0 Homing behaviour and site fidelity of <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834) around the Island of Ustica : Preliminary results from a telemetry study. Biol. Mar. Mediterr., 6(1) : 90-99. (Ref. 92695) Louisy, P.0 Principaux patrons de coloration du mérou brun de Méditerranée <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834) (Pisces, Serranidae) en période d’activité reproductrice. Rev. Fr. Aquariol. 23(1-2):21-32. (Ref. 92696) Louisy, P.0 Critères d’identification en plongée des mérous et autres Serranidés de Méditerranée (Abstract). In Symposium International sur les Mérous de Méditerranée. Proc. of a Symposium, 5-7 nov. 1998, at Ile des Embiez, France, Mém. Inst. Oceanogr. P. Ricard : 192. (Ref. 92697) Louisy, P. and J.M. Culioli0 Synthèse des observations sur l’activité reproductrice du mérou brun, <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834) en Méditerranée nord-occidentale. In Symposium International sur les Mérous de Méditerranée. Proc. of a Symposium, 5-7 nov. 1998, at Ile des Embiez, France, Mém. Inst. Oceanogr. P. Ricard : 119-130. (Ref. 92698) Louisy, P. and J.M. Culioli0 Synthèse des observations sur l’activité reproductrice du mérou brun, <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834), en Méditerranée nord-occidentale. Mar. Life, 9(1): 47-57. (Ref. 92699) Louisy, P., A. Ganteaume and P. Francour0 Les relations des espèces de mérous à leur habitat - <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i>, <i>E. costae</i> et <i>Mycteroperca rubra</i> - dans la région de Kas, Turquie, Méditerranée Orientale. In Second International Symposium on the Mediterranean Groupers, Francour P., Gratiot J. (eds), Nice University publ., Nice : 121-124. (Ref. 92700) Luiz, Junior, O.J., S.R. Floeter, J.L. Gasparini, C.E.L. Ferreira and P. Wirtz0 The occurrence of <i>Acanthurus monroviae</i> (Perciformes: Acanthuridae) in the South Western Atlantic, with comments on other eastern Atlantic reef fishes occurring in Brazil. J. Fish Biol. 65(4):1173-1179. (Ref. 92701) Macpherson, E., A. Gordoa and Rubies, A. Garcia0 Biomass size spectra in littoral fishes in protected and unprotected areas in the NW Mediterranean. Estuar. Coast Shelf. Sci., 55(5): 777-788. (Ref. 92704) Macri, B., A. Sfacteria, S. Giannetto, E. Navarra and G. De Vico0 Anatomo-pathological and scanning electron microscopical findings in some parasitic infections of teleosts. Boll. Soc. Ital. Patol. Ittica, 12(28). (Ref. 92705) Magalhaes, M.C., V. Costa, G.M. Menezes, M.R. Pinho, R.S. Santos and L.R. Monteiro0 Intra- and interspecific variability in total and methylmercury bioaccumulation by eight marine fish species from the Azores. Mar. Pollut. Bull., 54(10): 1654-1662. (Ref. 92706) Maggio, T., F. Andaloro, F. Hemida and M. Arculeo0 A molecular analysis of some eastern atlantic grouper from the <i>Epinephelus</i> and <i>Mycteroperca</i> genus. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., 321(1): 83-92. (Ref. 92707) Mandich, A., A. Massari, S. Bottero, H. Goos and G. Marino0 Sex steroids during gonad maturation and sex change in wild <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i>. In Symposium International sur les Mérous de Méditerranée. Proc. of a Symposium, 5-7 nov. 1998, at Ile des Embiez, France, Mém. Inst. Oceanogr. P. Ricard, : 131-133. (Ref. 92708) Mandich, A., A. Massari, S. Bottero, P. Pizzicori and G. Marino0 Monitoraggio di molecole chiave per il controllo della riproduzione artificiale di specie ittiche innovative. Biol. Mar. Mediterr., 5(3) : 1152-1160. (Ref. 92709) Marino, G. and E. Azzurro0 Nodavirus nella cernia bruna (<i>Epinephelus marginatus</i>, Lowe 1834) nella riserva naturale marina di Ustica, Tirreno meridionale. Biol. Mar. Mediterr., 8(1, pt. 2): 837-841. (Ref. 92711) Marino, G., E. Azzurro, C. Boglione, A. Massari and A. Mandich0 Induced spawning and first larval rearing in <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i>. In Symposium International sur les Mérous de Méditerranée. Proc. of a Symposium, 5-7 nov. 1998, at Ile des Embiez, France, Mém. Inst. Oceanogr. P. Ricard : 139-142. (Ref. 92712) Marino, G., E. Azzurro, A. Massari, M.G. Finoia, D. Di Cave and A. Mandich0 The reproduction of dusky grouper : a multidisciplinary approach. In Symposium International sur les Mérous de Méditerranée. Proc. of a Symposium, 5-7 nov. 1998, at Ile des Embiez, France, Mém. Inst. Oceanogr. P. Ricard : 143-145. (Ref. 92713) Marino, G., A. Longobardi, G. La Mesa, V. Donadelli and S. De Innocentiis0 Pilot restocking of hatchery dusky grouper <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> juveniles in Mediterranean sea. In Second International Symposium on the Mediterranean Groupers, Francour P., Gratiot J. (eds), Nice University publ., Nice : 129-132. (Ref. 92714) Marino, G., G. Maricchiolo, E. Azzurro, A. Massari and A. Mandich0 Induced sex change of dusky grouper, <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i>. In Symposium International sur les Mérous de Méditerranée. Proc. of a Symposium, 5-7 nov. 1998, at Ile des Embiez, France, Mém. Inst. Oceanogr. P. Ricard : 135-137. (Ref. 92715) Marino, G., A. Massari, P. Di Marco, E. Azzurro, M.G. Finoia and A. Mandich0 Sex ratio, maturita sessuale e cambiamento del sesso in <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834). Biol. Mar. Mediterr. 6(1) : 587-590. (Ref. 92716) Mathieu-Tissot, V.0 Suivi saisonnier (printemps-été) de la population de mérous bruns <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834) de la Réserve Naturelle de Cerbère-Banyuls. Mar. Life, 9(2) : 55-62. (Ref. 92718) Medina, A., J.C. Brethes, J.M. Sevigny and B. Zakardjian0 How geographic distance and depth drive ecological variability and isolation of demersal fish communities in an archipelago system (Cape Verde, Eastern Atlantic Ocean). Mar. Ecol., 28(3): 404-417. (Ref. 92719) Merella, P., O. Renones and G. Garippa0 Finding of one male <i>Philometra lateolabracis</i> (Nematoda: Philometridae) parasite on the dusky grouper <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Osteichthyes: Serranidae) in the Western Mediterranean. Parassitologia, 46(Suppl. 1) : 158. (Ref. 92722) Mikhail, M.Y., A.A. Ezzat, M.T. Hashem and W.F. Wadie0 Fluctuations in fat and water contents of two species of Serranid fishes in the Egyptian Mediterranean Waters. Bull. Inst. Oceanogr. Fish., Cairo, 8(1): 123-144. (Ref. 92723) Milazzo, M., F. Badalamenti, T. Vega Fernandez and R. Chemello0 Effects of fish feeding by snorkellers on the density and size distribution of fishes in a Mediterranean Marine Protected Area. Mar. Biol., 146(6): 1213-1222. (Ref. 92724) Miniconi, R., P. Francour and C.H. Bianconi0 Inventaire de la faune ichtyologique de la réserve naturelle de Scandola (Corse, Méditerranée nord-occidentale). Cybium 14(1):77-89. (Ref. 92725) Mohammed, E.0 Reconstructing fisheries catches and fishing effort for the southeastern Caribbean (1940-2001): general methodology. From Mexico to Brasil : central Atlantic fisheries catch trends and ecosystem models. Fish. Cent. Res. Rep., 11(6): 11-20. (Ref. 92726) Neill, S.R.St.J.0 Observations on the behaviour of the grouper species <i>Epinephelus guaza</i> and <i>E. alexandrinus</i> (Serranidae). Underwater Association Report: 101-106. (Ref. 92728) Ojeda-Martinez, C., J.T. Bayle-Sempere, P. Sanchez-Jerez, A. Forcada and C. Valle0 Detecting conservation benefits in spatially protected fish populations with meta-analysis of long-term monitoring data. Mar. Biol., 151(3): 1153-1161. (Ref. 92730) Okland, F., B. Thorstad, G. Lembo, S. Ragonese and M.T. Spedicato0 Surgical procedures for implanting telemetry transmitters into the body cavity of <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834). Biol. Mar. Mediterr., 6(1) : 139-143. (Ref. 92731) Oliver, G.0 Two new species of the genus <i>Cycloplectanum oliver</i>, 1968 (Monogenea, Monopisthocotyles, Diplectanidae). Ann. Parasitol. Hum. Comp., 59(1): 31-39. (Ref. 92732) Oliver, G.0 <i>Cycloplectanum riouxi<i>, une nouvelle espèce de Diplectanidae (Monogenea, Monopisthocotylea) parasite d' <i>Epinephelus guaza</i> (Linnaeus, 1758) (Pisces, Serranidae). Syst. Parasitol. 8(4):317-322. (Ref. 92733) Paiva, M.P. and M.F. Andrade-Tubino0 Distribuicao e abundancia de peixes bentonicos explotados pelos linheiros ao largo do sudeste do Brasil (1986-1995). Rev. Bras. Biol., 58(4): 619-632. (Ref. 92735) Paiva, M.P. and A.A. Fonteles-Filho0 Distribuicao e abundancia de alguns peixes bentonicos na area de Abrolhos (Brasil). Arquivos De Ciencias do Mar. Fortaleza, 29(1-2) : 36-41. (Ref. 92736) Pelaprat, C.0 Reproduction of the dusky grouper <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> in the North of Corsica (France). In Symposium International sur les Mérous de Méditerranée. Proc. of a Symposium, 5-7 nov. 1998, at Ile des Embiez, France, Mém. Inst. Oceanogr. P. Ricard : 147-153. (Ref. 92741) Pelaprat, C.0 Observations on the spawning behaviour of the dusky grouper <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834) in the North of Corsica (France). Mar. Life, 9(1): 59-65. (Ref. 92742) Perez, J.A.A. and R. Wahrlich0 A bycatch assessment of the gillnet monkfish <i>Lophius gastrophysus</i> fishery off southern Brazil. Fish. Res. 72(1):81-95. (Ref. 92746) Petter, A.J. and C. Maillard0 Ascarids of fishes from Western Mediterranean Sea. Bulletin Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (France). 4e Serie. Section A. Zoologie, Biologie, Et Ecologie Animales, Paris, 9(4) : 773-798. (Ref. 92747) Pierre, S., S. Gaillard, N. Prevot-d’Alvise, J. Aubert, O. Rostaing-Capaillon, D. Leung-Tack and J. Grillasca0 Grouper Aquaculture : Taiwan 5 - Mediterranean 0. In Second International Symposium on the Mediterranean Groupers, Francour P., Gratiot J. (eds), Nice University publ., Nice : 135-138. (Ref. 92748) Pirie, S.F.0 Scottish records of rare fishes, 1973. Ann. Biol., Cons. Perm. Int .Explor. Mer, Copenh., 30 : 208. (Ref. 92749) Pisanty, S.0 Deep water longline fishing trials off the Israeli Coast. Fisheries and Fishbreeding in Israel, Haifa, 16(3): 17-23. (Ref. 92750) Pisanty, S.0 Deep water longline fishing trials during 1982. Fisheries and Fishbreeding in Israel, Haifa, 17(2): 16-21. (Ref. 92751) Pisanty, S.0 Deep water longline fishing trials during 1983. Fisheries and Fishbreeding in Israel, Haifa, 17(3): 39-42. (Ref. 92752) Relini, G., M. Relini and G. Torchia0 La barriera artificiale di Loano. Biol. Mar. Mediterr. 2(1) : 21-64. (Ref. 92754) Relini, G., M. Relini, G. Torchia and G. Palandri0 Ten years of censuses of fish fauna on the Loano artificial reef. ICES J. Mar. Sci., 59(s): S132-137. (Ref. 92755) Renones, O., R. Goni, M. Pozo, S. Deudero and J. Moranta0 Effects of protection on the demographic structure and abundance of <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834). Evidence from Cabrera Archipelago National Park (West-Central Mediterranean). In Symposium International sur les Mérous de Méditerranée. Proc. of a Symposium, 5-7 nov. 1998, at Ile des Embiez, France, Mém. Inst. Oceanogr. P. Ricard : 155-164. (Ref. 92756) Reñones, O., R. Goñi, M. Pozo, S. Deudero and J. Moranta0 Effects of protection on the demographic structure and abundance of <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834). Evidence from Cabrera Archipelago National Park (West-Central Mediterranean). Mar. Life, 9(2): 45-53. (Ref. 92757) Renones, O., A. Grau, C. Pineiro, X. Mas, R. Goni and F. Riera0 Growth and reproduction of the exploited population of <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834) in the Balearic Islands (Western Mediterranean). In Second International Symposium on the Mediterranean Groupers, Francour P., Gratiot J.(eds), Nice University publ., Nice : 139-142. (Ref. 92758) Reñones , O., C. Piñeiro, X. Mas and R. Goñi0 Age and growth of the dusky grouper <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834) in an exploited population of the Western Mediterranean Sea. J. Fish Biol. 71(2):346-62. (Ref. 92759) Romeo, M., Y. Siau, Z. Sidoumou and M. Gnassia-Barelli0 Heavy metal distribution in different fish species from the Mauritania coast. Sci. Total Environ., 232(3): 169-175. (Ref. 92761) Russino, G.A., L.A. Chessa, G.F. Russo and L. Mazzella0 New record of <i>Epinephelus</i> spp. (Osteichthyes, Serranidae), on the coast of Alghero (N.W. Sardinia - Italy). In “Les espèces Marines à Protéger en Méditerranée”. Boudouresque C.F., Avon M., Gravez V. (ed), GIS Posidonie publ., Fr., 291-298. (Ref. 92762) Sarter, K., M. Papadaki, S. Zanuy and C.C. Mylonas0 Permanent sex inversion in 1-year-old juveniles of the protogynous dusky grouper (<i>Epinephelus marginatus</i>) using controlled-release 17 alpha-methyltestosterone implants. Aquaculture, 256(1-4): 443-456. (Ref. 92765) Scala, A., G. Garippa and V. Tilocca0 Trypanorhinchidae cistidea in una cernia (<i>Epinephelus guaza</i>) della costa Nord-Orientale della Sardegna. Bollettino Societa Italiana Di Patologia Ittica., 7(7) : 1-6. (Ref. 92766) Scholz, T., G. Garippa and A. Scala0 <i>Grillotia epinepheli</i> (Cestoda: Trypanorhyncha) plerocerci from the teleost, <i>Epinephelus guaza</i>, in Sardinia, Italy. Folia Parasitol., 40(1) : 23-28. (Ref. 92767) Skaramuca, B., D. Musin, V. Onofri and M. Caric0 A contribution to the knowledge on the spawning time of the dusky grouper (<i>Epinephelus guaza</i>, L.). Acta Biol.-Iugosl. E Ichthyol. 21(1) : 79-85. (Ref. 92771) Sola, L., S. Papalia, A.R. Rossi, E. Gomung, S. De Innocentiis, G. Marino, P. Di Marco and S. Cataudella0 Genetic characterisation of <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> through cytogenetic, allozyme and microsatellite analyses: preliminary results. In Symposium International sur les Mérous de Méditerranée. Proc. of a Symposium, 5-7 nov. 1998, at Ile des Embiez, France, Mém. Inst. Oceanogr. P. Ricard : 165-166. (Ref. 92772) Sola, L., S. Papalia, A.R. Rossi, E. Gomung, S. De Innocentiis, G. Marino, P. Di Marco and S. Cataudella0 Genetic characterisation of <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> through cytogenetic, allozyme and microsatellite analyses: preliminary results. Mar Life, 9(1): 67-88. (Ref. 92773) Sola, L., S. De Innocentis, E. Gornung, S. Papalia, A.R. Rossi, G. Marino, P. De Marco and S. Cataudella0 Genetic characterization of <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Pisces, Serranidae): Trough cytogenetic, allozymes and microsatellites analyses. Biol. Mar. Mediterr., 8: 862-864. (Ref. 92774) Sola, L., S. Papalia, A.R. Rossi, E. Gomung, S. De Innocentiis, G. Marino, P. Di Marco and S. Cataudella0 Genetic characterisation of <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> through cytogenetic, allozyme and microsatellite analyses : Preliminary results. Mar. Life, 9(1): 67-88. (Ref. 92775) Spanier, E.0 Changes in the ichthyofauna of an artificial reef in the Southeastern Mediterranean in one decade. Sci. Mar., 64(3) : 279-284. (Ref. 92776) Spedicato, M., P. Carbonara and G. Lembo0 Insight into the homing behaviour of the dusky grouper (<i>Epinephelus marginatus</i>, Lowe, 1834) around the island of Ustica, Italy. In : Spedicato M.T., Lembo G., Marmulla G. (eds), Rome (Italy) : FAO/COISPA : 103 p. (Ref. 92777) Tissot, V.0 Suivi saisonnier (printemps-été) de la population de mérous bruns <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834) de la Réserve Naturelle Marine de Cerbère-Banyuls/mer. In Symposium International sur les Mérous de Méditerranée. Proc. of a Symposium, 5-7 nov. 1998, at Ile des Embiez, France, Mém. Inst. Oceanogr. P. Ricard : 167-175. (Ref. 92779) Trotta, M., S. Schoenhuth, T. Pepe, M.L. Cortesi, A. Puyet and J.M. Bautista0 Multiplex PCR method for use in real-Time PCR for identification of fish fillets from Grouper (<i>Epinephelus</i> and <i>Mycteroperca</i> Species) and common substitute species. J. Agric. Food Chem., 53(6): 2039-2045. (Ref. 92780) Tunesi, L. and A. Molinari0 Need of specific measures to protect the dusky grouper <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834) in the Italian coastal water - a pilot study in the Portofino MPA (Ligurian Sea). In Second International Symposium on the Mediterranean Groupers, Francour P., Gratiot J., eds, Nice University publ., Nice : 149-152. (Ref. 92781) Ucko, M., A. Colorni and A. Diamant0 Nodavirus infections in Israeli Mariculture. J. Fish Dis. 27(8): 459-69. (Ref. 92782) Vacchi, M., S. Bussotti, P. Guidetti and G. La Mesa0 Study of the coastal fish assemblage in the marine reserve of the Ustica Island (Southern Tyrrhenian Sea). Ital. J. Zool., 65(Suppl.) : 281-286. (Ref. 92783) Vacchi, M., S. Bussotti, P. Guidetti and G. La Mesa0 Preliminary observations on the groupers of the marine reserve of Ustica Island (Southern Tyrrhenian, Mediterranean Sea). Biol. Mar. Medit., 6(1) : 278-280. (Ref. 92784) Vacchi, M., G. La Mesa, M.G. Finoia, P. Guidetti and S. Bussotti0 Protection measures and juveniles of dusky grouper, <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834) (Pisces, Serranidae), in the Marine Reserve of Ustica Island (Italy, Mediterranean Sea). Mar. Life,. 9(2): 63-70. (Ref. 92785) Zabala, M., P. Louisy, A. Garcia-Rubies and V. Gracia0 Socio-behavioural context of reproduction in the Mediterranean dusky grouper <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834) (Pisces, Serranidae) in the Medes Islands Marine Reserve (NW Mediterranean, Spain). Sci Mar., 61(1):79-89. (Ref. 92789) Garcia, C.E. de O.0 Perfil dos esteroides goandais e expressão dos hormȏnios folículo estimulante (FSH) e luteinizante (LH) durante a inversão sexual de <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Teleostei: Serranidae), hermafrodita protogínico, utilizando-se inibidor de aromatase. Tese (Doutorado), Instituto de Biociências da Universidade de São Paulo, 92 p. (Ref. 93011) Wirtz, P., A. Brito, J.M. Falcón, R. Freitas, R. Fricke, V. Monteiro, F. Reiner and O. Tariche0 The coastal fishes of the Cape Verde Islands - new records and an annotated check-list. Spixiana 36(1):113-142. (Ref. 94080) Reñones, O., A. Grau, X. Mas, F. Riera and F. Saborido-Rey0 Reproductive pattern of an exploited dusky grouper <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe 1834) (Pisces: Serranidae) population in the western Mediterranean. Sci. Mar. 74(3):523-537. (Ref. 94520) Miniconi, R. and Parc naturel régional de la Corse0 Parc naturel régional de Corse: poissons de Corse et de Méditerranée. Ajaccio: Parc naturel régional de la Corse; [Clermont-Ferrand] : Atelier de recherche des parcs pour l'expression graphique et l'édition, 116 p. (Ref. 94543) Goren, M.0 The fishes of the Mediterranean: a biota under siege. pp. 385-400. In Goffredo, S. and Z. Dubinsky. 2014. The Mediterranean Sea: its history and present challenges. Springer Netherlands. 655 pp. (Ref. 95489) FAO EastMed Project0 Species identification plates, Arabic/Egyptian/English version 2013. FAO EastMed Project (Ref. 95541) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632) Lloris, D., J. Rucabado, Ll. del Cerro, F. Portas, M. Demestre and A. Roig0 Tots els peixos del Mar Català. I: Llistat de cites I referències. Treballs Soc. Cat. Ict. Herp. 1:1-208. (Ref. 95727) Francour, P., P. Bodilis, J.M. Cottalorda and C. Seytre0 Inventaire des Gobiidae dans la réserve naturelle de Scandola (Corse) et à proximité de ses limites. Contrat Parc Naturel Régional de la Corse. Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, ECOMERS publ., Nice:1-54. (Ref. 95773) Psomadakis, P.N., S. Giustino and M. Vacchi0 Mediterranean fish biodiversity: an updated inventory with focus on the Ligurian and Tyrrhenian seas. Zootaxa 3263:1-46. (Ref. 95871) Miniconi, R.0 Complément à l'inventaire des poissons des eaux de Corse (1994-2011). Biologie - Pȇche - Localisation. Edition A Barcella Ajaccio, 50 p. (Ref. 96325) Sadio, O.0 Common names of some fish species in Senegal. Unpublished compilation of O. Sadio. (Ref. 98752) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110) eElurikkus0 eElurikkus koondab ühte portaali Eesti eluslooduse andmed. http://elurikkus.ut.ee/ (Ref. 105471) Termeki on Eesti Keele Instituudi0 Termeki on Eesti Keele Instituudi. http://term.eki.ee/termbase/view/7351963/ (Ref. 105574) Cheung, W.L., R. Watson and D. Pauly0 Signature of ocean warming in global fisheries catch. Nature 497:365-368. (Ref. 107945) Tsikliras, A.C. and K.I. Stergiou0 Age at maturity of Mediterranean marine fishes. Medit. Mar. Sci. 16(1):5-20. (Ref. 108834) Despoti, S., A.C. Tsikliras and K.I. Stergiou0 Fecundity of marine fishes: technical aspects of fecundity studies and relationships of fecundity with body size, gonad weight and age. in press (Ref. 108991) Papaconstantinou, C.0 Fauna Graeciae. An updated checklist of the fishes in the Hellenic seas. Monagraphs on Marine Sciences 7 (Ref. 113897) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257) Béarez, P., P. Pruvost, É. Feunteun, S. Iglésias, P. Francour, R. Causse, J. De Mazières, S. Tercerie and N. Bailly0 Checklist of the marine fishes from metropolitan France. Cybium 41(4):351-371. (Ref. 116450) Condini, M.V., J.A. García-Charton and A.M. Garcia0 A review of the biology, ecology, behavior and conservation status of the dusky grouper, <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834). Rev. Fish Biol. Fish. __ :1-30. (Ref. 116463) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from htttps://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en [accessed May, 2018] (Ref. 118272) SCRFA, Science and Conservation of Fish Aggregations0 SCRFA database. Web online database. https://www.scrfa.org/database/: SCRFA. [2013-onwards]. (Ref. 118580) Froese, R.0 Personal communication. (Table sent by the author). (Ref. 118592) Palomares, M.L.D., R. Froese, B. Derrick, S.-L. Nöel, G. Tsui, J. Woroniak and D. Pauly0 A preliminary global assessment of the status of exploited marine fish and invertebrate populations. A report prepared by the Sea Around Us for OCEANA. The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, p. 64. (Ref. 118628) Ma, K.Y. and M.T. Craig0 An inconvenient monophyly: an update on the taxonomy of the groupers (Epinephelidae). Copeia 106(3):443-456. (Ref. 119507) Bogorodsky, S.V., F.N. Saeed and U. Zajonz0 Twenty-three new records of commercial fish species (Actinopterygii) from the Socotra Archipelago (North-Western Indian Ocean). Acta Ichthyol. Piscat. 50(4):511-538. (Ref. 125388) Simon, T., H.T. Pinheiro, R.L. Moura, A. Carvalho-Filho, L.A. Rocha, A.S. Martins, E. Mazzei, R.B. Francini-Filho, G.M. Amado-Filho and J.-C. Joyeux0 Mesophotic fishes of the Abrolhos Shelf, the largest reef ecosystem in the South Atlantic. J. Fish Biol. 89:990-1001. (Ref. 126840) Martins, R. and M. Carneiro0 Manual de identificação de peixes ósseos da costa continental portuguesa. Principais características diagnosticantes. IPMA, Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera, Lisboa:1-204. (Ref. 128458) Marčeta, B. and K. Pliberšek (eds)0 BiosWeb. Biological database of the Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia. Ljubljana, Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia, 2014. (www.biosweb.org. updated 13/04/2023). (Ref. 128520) Lenfant, P., P. Astruch, J. Pastor and N. Dalias0 Acoustic telemetry survey of the Dusky Grouper (<i>Epinephelus marginatus</i>) in the Marine Reserve of Cerbère - Banyuls: Implications on the Colonization of the No Protected Areas. Proceedings of the 60th Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute November 5 - 9, 2007 Punta Cana, Dominican Republic, 311-316. (Ref. 129398) Mann, B., R. Daly, G. Jordaan, W. Dalton and S. Fennessy0 Movement behaviour of catface rockcod <i>Mycteroperca</i> (<i>Epinephelus</i>) <i>andersoni</i> (Epinephelidae) off the eastern seaboard of southern Africa African Journal of Marine Science 44(2):125-137. (Ref. 129516) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-pic-6470-9573 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-03-03 2000-11-09 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6470 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Epmar_u0.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Epmar_u0.jpg FB-pic-6470-9574 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-03-03 2000-11-09 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6470 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Boteler Pt., N of Sodwana Bay Locality: Sodwana Bay, Natal, South Africa. http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Epmar_u1.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Epmar_u1.jpg Locality: Sodwana Bay, Natal, South Africa. FB-pic-6470-9575 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-03-03 2008-07-25 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6470 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Epmar_u2.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Epmar_u2.jpg FB-pic-6470-9576 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-03-03 2000-11-09 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6470 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Epmar_u3.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Epmar_u3.jpg FB-pic-6470-9577 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-03-03 2000-11-09 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6470 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Epmar_u4.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Epmar_u4.jpg FB-pic-6470-9578 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-03-03 2000-11-09 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6470 http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Epmar_u5.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Epmar_u5.jpg FB-pic-6470-9627 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-03-04 2000-11-09 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6470 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Epmar_u6.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Epmar_u6.jpg FB-pic-6470-11223 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1996-05-26 1996-05-26 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6470 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Epmar_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Epmar_u0.gif FB-GeneralDescr-6470 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1992-10-16 00:00:00 2024-01-25 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6470 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Adults prefer rocky bottoms (Ref. 5222), are solitary and territorial (Ref. 12382). Juveniles are found closer to shore (Ref. 48605) in rocky tidal pools (Ref. 48609). Enters brackish environments (Ref. 57293). Mainly feed on crabs and octopi; larger individuals feed on a greater proportion of fishes, the majority of which are reef-associated species (Ref. 6842). A protogynous hermaphrodite (Ref. 55367). Mature individuals form spawning aggregations (Ref. 55367). Utilized as a food fish (Ref. 171). Readily caught by anglers (Ref. 5222). Not adapted well in an aquarium (Ref. 12382). Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222) FB-DiagnosticDescr-6470 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rodolfo B. Reyes 1994-06-13 00:00:00 2015-03-19 21:53:37 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6470 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Diagnosis: head and body dark reddish brown or greyish dorsally, usually yellowish gold ventrally; irregular white, pale greenish yellow or silvery grey blotches usually visible on the body and head and mostly arranged in vertical series; more or less distinct black maxillary streak; dark brown median fins; distal edge of anal and caudal fins, often also pectoral fins, narrowly white; pelvic fins blackish distally; pectoral fins dark reddish brown or grey; margin of spinous dorsal fin and basal part of the paired fins often golden yellow; head length 2.3-2.5 in SL; convex interorbital area; rounded preopercle, finely serrate, serrae at angle slightly enlarged; smooth subopercle and interopercle; eye diameter greater than or subequal to interorbital width in fish 10-30 cm SL, less than interorbital in fish over 40 cm SL; posterior and anterior nostrils subequal or posterior nostril slightly larger; maxilla naked, reaching to or slightly past vertical at rear edge of eye; 2-4 rows of subequal teeth on midlateral part of lower jaw (Ref. 89707).Description: body robust, its depth comprised 2.6-3.1 times in standard length; lower jaw slightly prominent; teeth of inner row depressible in both jaws; pelvic fins not reaching anus; caudal fin rounded in juveniles, truncated with rounded angles in adults; scales small, broadly imbricate, embedded in thick skin (Ref. 57293).Coloration: brown, back sometimes dark grey to reddish, belly yellowish; body and head with an irregular pattern of white spots sometimes forming diffuse vertical bars; fins dark; caudal, anal and sometimes pectoral with a tiny white edge; dorsal with a yellow-golden edge; base of pair fins often yellow-golden (Ref. 57293). Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222) FB-Morphology-6470 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rodolfo B. Reyes 1994-06-13 00:00:00 2015-03-19 21:53:37 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6470 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Dorsal spines (total): 11; Dorsal soft rays (total): 14 - 16; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 8 - 9 Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222) FB-Distribution-6470 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1992-10-16 00:00:00 2025-08-12 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6470 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution East and Southwest Atlantic and Western Indian Ocean: East Atlantic: throughout the Mediterranean Sea, and from the southern Bay of Biscay to southern tip of Africa. Stray specimens reported from the British Isles, and eastern English Channel (Normandy, France; Ref. 92236). Southwest Atlantic: southeastern Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina. Western Indian Ocean: from tip of Africa to southern Mozambique and southern Madagascar. Reported from Oman and La Reunion I. Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222) FB-Uses-6470 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1992-10-16 00:00:00 2024-01-25 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6470 fisheries: highly commercial; gamefish: yes; price category: very high; price reliability: reliable: based on ex-vessel price for this species Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter 1994 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No. 9. Rome, FAO. 103 p. (Ref. 171) Crawford, R. 1993 World record game fishes 1993. The International Game Fish Association, Pompano Beach, Florida. (Ref. 6323) FB-LifeCycle-6470 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Daniel Pauly 1992-10-16 00:00:00 2024-01-25 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=6470&StockCode=6792 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size A monandric species (Ref. 55367). In Europe, sex reversal occurs when females are about 14-17 years of age and between 80 to 90 cm TL (Ref. 51466). From another study, sex change occurs at 88 cm TL and 12 years of age (Ref. 55367), between 52-77 cm TL and 7-17 years (Ref. 94520).Protogynous hermaphrodite species, reaching its first sexual maturity as female at 5 years and becoming male after 10 years (some females remain so for some more years). Spawning happens during summer. Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222) FB-TrophicStrategy-6470 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1997-03-25 00:00:00 2022-08-01 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public marginatus http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Prefers rocky bottoms (Ref. 5222). Solitary and territorial (Ref. 12382). Juveniles are found closer to shore (Ref. 48605) in rocky tidal pools (Ref. 48609). Feeds on crabs and octopi; larger individuals feed on a greater proportion of fishes, the majority of which are reef-associated species (Ref. 6842). Macro-carnivore (Ref. 126840). Feeds on fish and benthic invertebrates (Ref. 13352). Increase of nutritional requirements during the life cycle is satisfied by predating on larger prey instead of a greater number of preys (Ref. 75801). van der Elst, R.P. and F. Adkin (eds.) 1991 Marine linefish: priority species and research objectives in southern Africa. Oceanogr. Res. Inst., Spec. Publ. No.1. 132 p. (Ref. 4332) FB-Size-6470 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1992-10-16 00:00:00 2024-01-25 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6470 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat 150 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 12382)); max. published weight: 60.0 kg (Ref. 5222); max. reported age: 60 years (Ref. 94520) Göthel, H. 1992 Fauna marina del Mediterráneo. Ediciones Omega, S.A., Barcelona. 319 p. (Ref. 12382) Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222) Reñones, O., A. Grau, X. Mas, F. Riera and F. Saborido-Rey 2010 Reproductive pattern of an exploited dusky grouper <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe 1834) (Pisces: Serranidae) population in the western Mediterranean. Sci. Mar. 74(3):523-537. (Ref. 94520) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-6470 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1992-10-16 00:00:00 2024-01-25 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6470 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology reef-associated; marine; depth range 8 - 300 m (Ref. 27000), usually ? - 50 m (Ref. 5222) Reiner, F. 1996 Catálogo dos peixes do arquipélago de Cabo Verde. Publ. Avuls. Inst. Port. Invest. Mar. 2:339 p. (Ref. 27000) Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)