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	<dc:identifier>FB-64759</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=64759</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Cypriniformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Nemacheilidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Oxynoemacheilus</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Oxynoemacheilus kosswigi (Erk'akan &amp; Kuru, 1986)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>New Caledonian thorny seahorse</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fr'>Hippocampe épineux</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Hippocampus histrix (non Kaup, 1856)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Hippocampus hystrix (non Kaup, 1856)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Hippocampus jayakari (non Boulenger, 1900)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Hippocampus kuda (non Bleeker, 1852)</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>2008-11-18</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2021-10-25</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=205&amp;speccode=64769'>Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=11897&amp;speccode=64769'>Kulbicki, M., J.E. Randall and J. Rivaton0 Checklist of the fishes of the Chesterfield Islands (Coral Sea). Micronesica 27(1/2):1-43. (Ref. 11897)</reference>
	<reference isbn='0-9534-693-0-1.' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=30915&amp;speccode=64769'>Lourie, S.A., A.C.J. Vincent and H.J. Hall0 Seahorses: an identification guide to the world's species and their conservation. Project Seahorse, London. 214 p. (Ref. 30915)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=42571&amp;speccode=64769'>Laboute, P. and R. Grandperrin0 Poissons de Nouvelle-Calédonie. Editions Catherine Ledru, 520 p. (Ref. 42571)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=42735&amp;speccode=64769'>Kuiter, R.H.0 Revision of the Australian seahorses of the genus &lt;i&gt;Hippocampus&lt;/i&gt; (Syngnathiformes: Syngnathidae) with descriptions of nine new species. Rec. Aus. Mus. 53:293-340. (Ref. 42735)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=50302&amp;speccode=64769'>Wantiez, L., M. Harmelin-Vivien and M. Kulbicki0 Spatial and temporal variation in a soft-bottom fish assemblage in St. Vincent Bay, New Caledonia. Mar. Biol. 125:801-812. (Ref. 50302)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=75989&amp;speccode=64769'>Fricke, R.0 Review of the pipefishes and seahorses (Teleostei: Syngnathidae) of New Caledonia, with descriptions of five new species. Stuttgarter Beitr. Naturkd., Ser. A Nr. 668:1-67. (Ref. 75989)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=86942&amp;speccode=64769'>Fricke, R., M. Kulbicki and L. Wantiez0 Checklist of the fishes of New Caledonia, and their distribution in the Southwest Pacific Ocean (Pisces). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde A, Neue Serie 4:341-463. (Ref. 86942)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=93496&amp;speccode=64769'>CITES0 Appendices I, II and III valid from 25 September 2012. UNEP. (Ref. 93496)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=102318&amp;speccode=64769'>CITES and UNEP-WCMC0 The Checklist of CITES Species Website. Appendices I, II and III valid from 05 February 2015. CITES Secretariat, Geneva, Switzerland. Compiled by UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge, UK. Http://checklist.cites.org. [Accessed 04/11/2015]. (Ref. 102318)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=108899&amp;speccode=64769'>CITES, UNEP-WCMC0 The Checklist of CITES Species Website. Appendices I, II and III valid from 10 March 2016. CITES Secretariat, Geneva, Switzerland. Compiled by UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge, UK. https://www.cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php [Accessed 23/06/2016]. (Ref. 108899)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=115257&amp;speccode=64769'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=118484&amp;speccode=64769'>CITES, UNEP-WCMC0 The Checklist of CITES Species Website. Appendices I, II and III valid from 04 October 2017. CITES Secretariat, Geneva, Switzerland. Compiled by UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge, UK. https://www.cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php [Accessed 08/17/2017]. (Ref. 118484)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=128078&amp;speccode=64769'>CITES0 Appendices I, II and III valid from 11 January 2023 and 25 November 2023. UNEP. (Ref. 128078)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=131153&amp;speccode=64769'>CITES0 Appendices I, II and III. UNEP. (Ref. 131153)</reference><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-GeneralDescr-64769</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2008-11-21 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2017-05-31 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=64769</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Found in seagrass beds at depths of more than 6 meters (Ref. 75989).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=75989&amp;speccode=64769'>Fricke, R. 2004 Review of the pipefishes and seahorses (Teleostei: Syngnathidae) of New Caledonia, with descriptions of five new species. Stuttgarter Beitr. Naturkd., Ser. A Nr. 668:1-67. (Ref. 75989)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-DiagnosticDescr-64769</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2008-11-21 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2008-11-21 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=64769</dc:source>
	<dc:description>This large spiny seahorse is distinguished by the having 17 dorsal fin rays; 17-18 pectoral fin rays; 11 trunk rings; 35-37 tail rings; subdorsal spines 3/0,1,0; moderately large nose spine, height about equal to pupil diameter; double spine above eyes which are moderately long, shorter than eye diameter; single lateral head spine; raised coronet with 4 large spines; restricted gill openings, not close together near the neck ridge; shoulder rings not confluent over neck ridge, not forming continuous collar; the upper shoulder ring spine opposite 11th pectoral fin ray; trunk and tail ridges with many large, curved spines; snout length approximately 57% of head length (Ref. 75989).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=75989&amp;speccode=64769'>Fricke, R. 2004 Review of the pipefishes and seahorses (Teleostei: Syngnathidae) of New Caledonia, with descriptions of five new species. Stuttgarter Beitr. Naturkd., Ser. A Nr. 668:1-67. (Ref. 75989)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Morphology-64769</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2008-11-21 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2008-11-21 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=64769</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Dorsal soft rays (total): 17</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=75989&amp;speccode=64769'>Fricke, R. 2004 Review of the pipefishes and seahorses (Teleostei: Syngnathidae) of New Caledonia, with descriptions of five new species. Stuttgarter Beitr. Naturkd., Ser. A Nr. 668:1-67. (Ref. 75989)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-64769</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2008-11-21 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-07-17 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=64769</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Western Pacific:  New Caledonia.</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=75989&amp;speccode=64769'>Fricke, R. 2004 Review of the pipefishes and seahorses (Teleostei: Syngnathidae) of New Caledonia, with descriptions of five new species. Stuttgarter Beitr. Naturkd., Ser. A Nr. 668:1-67. (Ref. 75989)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-LifeCycle-64769</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2008-11-21 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2017-05-31 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=64769&amp;StockCode=54759</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Male carries the eggs in a brood pouch (Ref. 205).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=205&amp;speccode=64769'>Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-64769</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2008-11-21 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2017-05-31 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=64769</dc:source>
	<dc:description>9.76 cm SL (female)</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=75989&amp;speccode=64769'>Fricke, R. 2004 Review of the pipefishes and seahorses (Teleostei: Syngnathidae) of New Caledonia, with descriptions of five new species. Stuttgarter Beitr. Naturkd., Ser. A Nr. 668:1-67. (Ref. 75989)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Threats-2</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-64769</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2008-11-21 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2017-05-31 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=64769</dc:source>
	<dc:description>demersal; non-migratory; marine; depth range 6 - 20 m (Ref. 86942)</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=86942&amp;speccode=64769'>Fricke, R., M. Kulbicki and L. Wantiez 2011 Checklist of the fishes of New Caledonia, and their distribution in the Southwest Pacific Ocean (Pisces). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde A, Neue Serie 4:341-463. (Ref. 86942)</reference></dataObject>
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