FB-66 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=66 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Clupeiformes Engraulidae Engraulis Engraulis encrasicolus (Linnaeus, 1758) Ansjos sardela Anchova Biqueira Biqueirao Biqueirão Boca-torta Boqueirão Chacareu Enchova Ansjovis Açuga Gavroja Inçuni Anchois Anshouga Anshuga Antchouba Antchova Bh'aytyrah Bocorone Lanchoi Menchouba Om hanak Rykoû Albokartia Antxoa Antxoba Antxobia Antxobie Antxobila Antxoga Antxogie Antxoila Antxua Bokarta Europako antxoa Kantauriko antxoa Txitxin Hamsia Ančovička Anšovička Anšovka obecná Sardel ka Sardel obecná Sardelka obecná Sardelle Sardinka Anchiuva Brwyniad Ansjos Europæisk ansjos Anchovis Europäische Sardelle Sardelle Anchovy Black Sea Anchovy European anchovy South African anchovy Southern anchovy anšoovis Euroopa anšoovis Abobi Bornu Ansjós Sardelli Amplovo Anchois Anchois commun Anchois de l'Afrique australe Anchois européen Amoni Bonu Brgljun Inćok Inćun Kurcilj Minćun Ansjósa Acciuga Acciuga di Faro Aguzza Alaisc Alaisce Alece Aliccia Alice Alice anure Alice 'e sperone Alicia Allievi Amaredda Anchio' Ancidda Ancina Ancioia Ancioja Anciojarina Anciova Anciovitta Anciua Anciue Anciuin Ancivu Bagigi Cicinielli janculilli Corinedda Gianchetti Gianchetu d'anciua Lice Masculina Masculinu 'mperiali Mieze alica Nudini Nunnata Paase Paasette Sardon Katakuchiiwashi anšovs Ančiuvis anšiuvis Incova Nemusa Nemusa rasha morra Hamsa Khamsa Анчоус европейский Brgljun Incun Minćun Ansjovis Kapansjovis Hamsi Hamsi balığı Анчоус Анчоус європейський Хамса Galadakh Youssou nokoum Anchoa Anchoa de Africa austral Anchoa europea Bocareu Boqueron Boquerón Longorón Ablobi Ansjovis Antjúga Anxova Gavros Gíavros Hamsia Pankan muntali Sardon Seitó Γάβρος Γαύρος Χαψί 南非鯷 南非鳀 欧洲鳀 歐洲鯷 Anchoa guineensis (Rossignol & Blache, 1961) Anchovia argyrophana (Valenciennes, 1848) Anchoviella guineensis Rossignol & Blache, 1961 Clupea encrasicolus Linnaeus, 1758 Engraulis amara Risso, 1827 Engraulis argyrophanus Valenciennes, 1848 Engraulis capensis Gilchrist, 1913 Engraulis encrasicholus (Linnaeus, 1758) Engraulis encrasicholus ponticus Aleksandrov, 1927 Engraulis encrasicolis (Linnaeus, 1758) Engraulis encrasicolus russoi Dulzetto, 1947 Engraulis encrassicholus (Linnaeus, 1758) Engraulis encrassicolus (Linnaeus, 1758) Engraulis engrasicholus (Linnaeus, 1758) Engraulis engrasicolus (Linnaeus, 1758) Engraulis guineensis (Rossignol & Blache, 1961) Engraulis japonica (non Temminck & Schlegel, 1846) Engraulis japonicus (non Temminck & Schlegel, 1846) Engraulis meletta Cuvier, 1829 Engraulis russoi Dulzetto, 1947 Engraulis vulgaris Nilsson, 1832 Engraulus encrasicholus (Linnaeus, 1758) 1990-10-17 2024-01-15 Palko, B.J., G.L. 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Duzgunes0 Length-weight relationships of marine species caught by five gears from the Black Sea. Mediterranean Marine Science 15(1):95-100. (Ref. 119290) Mahé, K., E. Bellamy, J.-P. Delpech, C. Lazard, M. Salaun, Y. Vérin, F. Coppin and M. Travers-Trolet0 Evidence of a relationship between weight and total length of marine fish in the North-eastern Atlantic Ocean: physiological, spatial and temporal variations. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 98(3):627-625. (Ref. 119547) Froese, R., N. Demirel, G. Coro, K.M. Kleisner and H. Winker0 Estimating fisheries reference points from catch and resilience. Fish and Fisheries 18(3):506-526. (Ref. 120179) Samsun, O., O. Akyol, T. Ceyhan and Y. Erden0 Length-weight relationships for 11 fish species from the Central Black Sea, Turkey. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 34(4):455-458. (Ref. 121643) Altin, A., H. Ayyildiz, S. Kale and C. Alver0 Length-weight relationships of forty-nine fish species from shallow waters of Gökçeada Island, northern Aegean Sea. Turkish Journal of Zoology 39(5):971-975. (Ref. 122896) Kalogirou, S., M. Corsini, G. Kondilatos and H. Wennhage0 Diet of the invasive piscivorous fish <i>Fistularia commersonii</i> in a recently colonized area of the eastern Mediterranean. Biological Invasions 9(8):887-896. (Ref. 123415) Froese, R., N. Demirel, G. Coro and H. Winker0 User Guide for CMSY++. GEOMAR, Germany, 17 p. (Ref. 124174) Mehanna, S.F. and A.E. Farouk0 Length-weight relationship of 60 fish species from the Eastern Mediterranean Sea, Egypt (GFCM-GSA 26). Front. Mar. Sci. 2021. (Ref. 124816) Bonhomme, F., L. Meyer, C. Arbiol, D. Bănaru, L. Bahri‐Sfar, K. Fadhlaoui‐Zid, P. Strelkov, M. Arculeo, L. Soulier, J. Quignard and P. Gagnaire0 Systematics of European coastal anchovies (genus <i>Engraulis</i> Cuvier). J. Fish Biol. 100(2):594-600. (Ref. 126017) Falsone, F., M.L. Geraci, D. Scanella, V. Gancitano, F. Di Maio, G. Sardo, F. Quattrocchi and S. Vitale0 Length-weight relationships of 52 species from the South of Sicily (Central Mediterranean Sea). Fishes 7(92). (Ref. 126095) Audzijonyte, A.0 Inland fisheries catch of Lithuania. Personal communication via email, 3 February 2022. (Ref. 126279) El Qendouci, M., K. Amenzoui and A. Yahyaoui0 Size at maturity, fecundity and spawning period of anchovy <i>Engraulis encrasicolus</i> (Linnaeus, 1758) in the central area of the Moroccan Atlantic coast. International Aquatic Research 12(3):171-181. (Ref. 126505) Amponsah, S.K.K., P.K. Ofori-Danson and F.K.E. Nunoo0 Population dynamics of <i>Engraulis encrasicolus</i> (Linnaeus, 1758) within Ghana’s coastal waters. Int. J. Fish. Aquat. 4(5):258-263. (Ref. 126902) Fermon, Y., N. Bailly, F. Cardiec, R. Causse, E. Chartrain, L. Chirio, G. De Bruyne, P. Deynat, C.D. Hopkins, A. Lamboj, M.I. Mennesson, J.-H. Mve Beh, D. Paugy, B. Sidlauskas, J.P. Sullivan, J.-P. Van de Weghe, T.R. Vigliotta and Van der Zee0 An annotated checklist of the fishes of Gabon. Cybium 46(2-3):69-317. (Ref. 127434) Martins, R. and M. Carneiro0 Manual de identificação de peixes ósseos da costa continental portuguesa. Principais características diagnosticantes. IPMA, Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera, Lisboa:1-204. (Ref. 128458) Marčeta, B. and K. Pliberšek (eds)0 BiosWeb. Biological database of the Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia. Ljubljana, Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia, 2014. (www.biosweb.org. updated 13/04/2023). (Ref. 128520) Rodríguez-García, C., J. Castro-Gutiérrez, A.R. Domínguez-Bustos, A. García-González and R. Cabrera-Castro0 Every fish counts: Challenging length-weight relationship bias in discards. Fishes 8(222)1-18. (Ref. 128593) Froese, R. and V.A. Parducho0 Global stocks spreadsheet as of December 9, 2022. Excel file from V.A. Parducho, pers. comm. (Ref. 128993) Kwei, E.A. and D.W. Ofori-Adu0 Fishes in the coastal waters of Ghana. Comm. 2. Tema-Ghana. 124p. (Ref. 130891) Asoc. Plataforma Defensa Medio-Ambiental Ondarroa 12 mil0 Basque Fish Names Asoc. Plataforma Defensa Medio-Ambiental Ondarroa 12 mil. https://arrainak.eus/arrainak. (Ref. 132948) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) Sağlam, N.E. and C. Sağlam0 Age, growth and mortality of anchovy <i>Engraulis encrasicolus</i> in the south-eastern region of the Black Sea during the 2010-2011 fishing season. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 93(8):2247-2255. (Ref. 137922) Kasapoğlu, N.0 Age, growth, and mortality of exploited stocks: anchovy, sprat, Mediterranean horse mackerel, whiting, and red mullet in the southeastern Black Sea. Aquat. Sci. Eng. 33(2):39-49. (Ref. 137923) FB-pic-66-10165 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1993-07-01 1997-04-25 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=66 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Enenc_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Enenc_u0.gif FB-GeneralDescr-66 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-01-15 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=66 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Mainly oceanic, marine species, forming large schools (see Ref. 126017:598). Tolerates salinities of 5-41 ppt and in some areas, enters lagoons, estuaries and lakes, especially during spawning. Tends to move further north and into surface waters in summer, retreating and descending in winter. Feeds on planktonic organisms. Spawns from April to November with peaks usually in the warmest months. Eggs are ellipsoidal to oval, floating in the upper 50 m and hatching in 24-65 hours. Marketed fresh, dried, smoked, canned and frozen; made into fish meal (Ref. 9987). Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana 1988 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189) FB-DiagnosticDescr-66 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2012-12-12 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=66 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Snout pointed; maxilla short, tip blunt, reaching almost to front border of pre-operculum, not projecting beyond tip of second supra-maxilla; tip of lower jaw reaching almost to below nostril. Gill rakers present on hind face of third epibranchial. Pseudobranch longer than eye, reaching onto inner face of operculum. A silver stripe along flank, disappearing with age. Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. FB-Morphology-66 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2012-12-12 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=66 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 16 - 18; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 13 - 15; Vertebrae: 46 - 47 Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. FB-Distribution-66 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2018-02-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=66 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Eastern Atlantic: Bergen, Norway to East London, South Africa (perhaps reaching Durban) (Ref. 10000). Also all of Mediterranean, Black and Azov seas, with stray individuals in Suez Canal and Gulf of Suez; also recorded from St. Helena (Ref. 189). Reported from Estonia (Ref. 33247). Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana 1988 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189) FB-Uses-66 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-01-15 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=66 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size fisheries: highly commercial; bait: usually; price category: medium; price reliability: reliable: based on ex-vessel price for this species FAO 1992 FAO yearbook. Fishery statistics: catches and landings. Vol. 70: 1990. FAO Fish. Ser. 38:647 p. (Ref. 4931) Koranteng, K.A. 1993 Size at first maturity of the anchovy (<i>Engraulis encrasicolus</i>) in Ghanaian waters and suggestions for appropriate mesh size in its fishery. Naga, ICLARM Q. 16(1):29-30. (Ref. 5580) FB-Migration-66 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-01-15 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=66 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Oceanodromous. Migrating within oceans typically between spawning and different feeding areas, as tunas do. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km. Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) FB-LifeCycle-66 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-01-15 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=66&StockCode=76 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Diseases Pelagic spawners. Gametogenesis is continuous, multiple spawning. Spawning peaks are usually in the warmer months which makes this species a spring-summer spawner. The limits of the spawning season is dependent on temperature and is therefore more restricted in northern areas. Sex ratio: 45% female (Ref. 5580). Whitehead, P.J.P. 1984 Engraulidae. p. 282-283. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. vol. 1. 510 p. (Ref. 5994) FB-TrophicStrategy-66 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-19 00:00:00 2009-04-03 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public encrasicolus http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Also recorded down to 400 m depth off West Africa and descending in winter to 100 to 159 m depth in the Mediterranean; euryhaline, tolerating salinities of 5 to 41 o/oo and in some areas entering lagoons, estuaries or lakes, especially in the warmer months during the spawning season. A tendency to extend into more northern waters in summer and generally to move into the surface layers, retreating and descending in winter (Ref. 189). 90% of the diet consisted of meso- and macrozooplankton (Ref. 42649). Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana 1988 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189) FB-Size-66 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-01-15 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ FAO General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=66 20.0 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 189)); max. published weight: 21.1 g; max. reported age: 5 years (Ref. 92145) Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana 1988 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189) Karacam, H. and E. Düzgünes 1990 Age, growth and meat yield of the European anchovy (<i>Engraulis encrasicolus</i>, L. 1758) in the Black Sea. Fish. Res. 9(2):181-186. (Ref. 6139) ICES 2010 Report of the Workshop on Age reading of European anchovy (WKARA), 9-13 November 2009, Sicily, Italy. ICES CM 2009/ACOM:43. 122 pp. (Ref. 92145) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Diseases-66-200 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 2009-10-07 00:00:00 2009-10-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=66&StockCode=76 Anisakis Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) José Rosales, Ma., C. Mascaró, C. Fernandez, F. Luque, M. Sanchez Moreno, L. Parras, A. Cosano and J. Ramón Muñoz 1999 Acute intestinal Anisakiasis in Spain: a fourth-stage <i>Anisakis simplex</i> Larva. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, 94(6): 823-826. (Ref. 82416) FB-Habitat-66 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-01-15 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=66 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution pelagic-neritic; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); brackish; marine; depth range 0 - 400 m (Ref. 2683) Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) Schneider, W. 1990 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the commercial marine resources of the Gulf of Guinea. Prepared and published with the support of the FAO Regional Office for Africa. Rome: FAO. 268 p. (Ref. 2683)