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	<dc:identifier>FB-66677</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=66677</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Osteoglossiformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Mormyridae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Petrocephalus</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Petrocephalus stuhlmanni Boulenger, 1909</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Charuto</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Cubio</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Flecheiro</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Orana</commonName>
	<dcterms:created>2012-12-06</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-15</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=91067&amp;speccode=66686'>Beltrão, H. and J. Zuanon0 &lt;i&gt;Hemiodus langeanii&lt;/i&gt; (Characiformes: Hemiodontidae), a new species from rio Amana, rio Maués-Açú drainage, Amazon basin, Brazil. Neotrop. Ichthyol. 10(2):255-262. (Ref. 91067)</reference>
	<reference isbn='1849954984' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=128868&amp;speccode=66686'>Beolens, B., M. Grayson and M. Watkins0 Eponym dictionary of Fishes. 	Dunbeath, Caithness (Scotland, UK): Whittles Publishing Limited, 1300 p. (Ref. 128868)</reference><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-GeneralDescr-66686</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Armi G. Torres</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2012-12-11 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2021-09-16 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=66686</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Found in slow-flowing stretches of the rio Amana and igarapé Porquinho (1.0-2.5 m deep) and in artificial ponds (4.0-5.0 m deep and 40-70 m in diameter) resulting from gold-mining activities.  The Rio Amana and its tributaries are characterized by clear water (not stained by humic acids) but turbid due to excess of fine suspended solids (clay) as a result of mining activities along river margins and/or bottom such as dredging (Ref. 91067).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=91067&amp;speccode=66686'>Beltrão, H. and J. Zuanon 2012 &lt;i&gt;Hemiodus langeanii&lt;/i&gt; (Characiformes: Hemiodontidae), a new species from rio Amana, rio Maués-Açú drainage, Amazon basin, Brazil. Neotrop. Ichthyol. 10(2):255-262. (Ref. 91067)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-DiagnosticDescr-66686</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Armi G. Torres</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2012-12-11 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2012-12-11 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=66686</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Distinguished from other species of Hemiodus by its high body (27.1-35.3%, average 32.3% SL vs. 18.8-28.5% in remaining species). Other diagnostic characters include the following:  presence of a large lateral dark spot that is equal to, or greater than, the eye diameter (vs. smaller in remaining species except for Hemiodus microlepis);  absence of conspicuous lateral stripe or transverse bands; 68-74 scales on lateral line (vs. 94-123 in Hemiodus argenteus, 124-148 in Hemiodus microlepis, 86-99 in Hemiodus orthonops  and 77-92 in Hemiodus parnaguae).  Differs from Hemiodus unimaculatus  (which overlaps in the number of lateral line scales) by having 9-10 scales between the lateral line and the pelvic fin origin (vs. 4-7), which are similar sized above and below lateral line (vs. scales larger bellow the lateral line in Hemiodus unimaculatus) (Ref. 91067).Description:  Dorsal-fin rays ii, 9; Anal-fin rays ii, 9-11; pectoral fin  rays i, 17-19; pelvic fin rays i, 10-11 (Ref. 91067).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=91067&amp;speccode=66686'>Beltrão, H. and J. Zuanon 2012 &lt;i&gt;Hemiodus langeanii&lt;/i&gt; (Characiformes: Hemiodontidae), a new species from rio Amana, rio Maués-Açú drainage, Amazon basin, Brazil. Neotrop. Ichthyol. 10(2):255-262. (Ref. 91067)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Morphology-66686</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Armi G. Torres</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2012-12-11 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2012-12-11 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=66686</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Dorsal soft rays (total): 11 - 12; Analsoft rays: 11 - 13; Vertebrae: 36</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=91067&amp;speccode=66686'>Beltrão, H. and J. Zuanon 2012 &lt;i&gt;Hemiodus langeanii&lt;/i&gt; (Characiformes: Hemiodontidae), a new species from rio Amana, rio Maués-Açú drainage, Amazon basin, Brazil. Neotrop. Ichthyol. 10(2):255-262. (Ref. 91067)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-66686</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Armi G. Torres</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2012-12-11 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-11-05 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=66686</dc:source>
	<dc:description>South America:  known of the type locality in the rio Amana, rio Maués-Açu drainage,  near the boundary of the States of Pará and Amazonas, Brazil</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=91067&amp;speccode=66686'>Beltrão, H. and J. Zuanon 2012 &lt;i&gt;Hemiodus langeanii&lt;/i&gt; (Characiformes: Hemiodontidae), a new species from rio Amana, rio Maués-Açú drainage, Amazon basin, Brazil. Neotrop. Ichthyol. 10(2):255-262. (Ref. 91067)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-66686</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Armi G. Torres</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2012-12-11 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2021-09-16 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
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	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=66686</dc:source>
	<dc:description>13.6 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 91067))</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=91067&amp;speccode=66686'>Beltrão, H. and J. Zuanon 2012 &lt;i&gt;Hemiodus langeanii&lt;/i&gt; (Characiformes: Hemiodontidae), a new species from rio Amana, rio Maués-Açú drainage, Amazon basin, Brazil. Neotrop. Ichthyol. 10(2):255-262. (Ref. 91067)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Threats-2</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-66686</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Armi G. Torres</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2012-12-11 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2021-09-16 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=66686</dc:source>
	<dc:description>benthopelagic; freshwater; pH range: 6.4 - 6.8</dc:description>
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