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	<dc:identifier>FB-68018</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=68018</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Cypriniformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Danionidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Opsarius</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Opsarius maculatus McClelland, 1839</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>African brown skate</commonName>
	<dcterms:created>2016-09-02</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2016-09-02</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=110364&amp;speccode=68027'>Last, P.R. and B. Séret0 A new Eastern Central Atlantic skate &lt;i&gt;Raja parva&lt;/i&gt; sp. nov. (Rajoidei: Rajidae) belonging to the &lt;i&gt;Raja miraletus&lt;/i&gt; species complex. Zootaxa 4147(4):477-489. (Ref. 110364)</reference><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-GeneralDescr-68027</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2016-09-23 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2016-09-23 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
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	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=68027</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Unknown depth range but probably inshore for at least some collected specimens were caught by gill-net (Ref. 110364).</dc:description>
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	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=110364&amp;speccode=68027'>Last, P.R. and B. Séret 2016 A new Eastern Central Atlantic skate &lt;i&gt;Raja parva&lt;/i&gt; sp. nov. (Rajoidei: Rajidae) belonging to the &lt;i&gt;Raja miraletus&lt;/i&gt; species complex. Zootaxa 4147(4):477-489. (Ref. 110364)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-DiagnosticDescr-68027</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2016-09-23 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2017-11-15 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=68027</dc:source>
	<dc:description>This species is distinguished by the following set of characters:  subcircular disc, its width 57-60% TL, 1.2 times its length; snout angle 91-96°; short tail, its length 1.2-1.4 times distance from snout tip to rear of cloaca; narrow tail, its width 1.2-1.3 times height at its midlength, 1.1 times at first dorsal-fin origin; pre-upper jaw length 10-13% TL, 1.5-1.8 times internasal width; length of ventral head 24-26% TL; length of snout 3-3.8 times interorbital width; orbit diameter 1.06-0.99 times the interorbital width; height of first dorsal-fin 3.4-3.9 in its base length; procaudal tail long, its length from first dorsal-fin origin to tail tip is 3.8-4.7 times first dorsal-fin base length, 3.4-3.6 times caudal-fin length (base of epichordal lobe of caudal fin very long); relatively short pelvic fins, length of posterior lobe 17-18% TL and of anterior lobe 63-72% of posterior lobe; in adults clasper relatively large, ~24% TL, connected to pelvic-fin inner margin at ~47% of its length from cloaca; anterior margin of head possess denticle bands on both surfaces in adult male; nuchal thorns 2; adult male with well-developed malar thorn patch; thorn rows on tail 3-5; pectoral-fin radials 79-81 in total; trunk centra is usually 27-28; usually 75-86 predorsal centra; total centra ~128-131; 38-46 tooth rows in upper jaw; colour brown dorsally with faint lighter and darker speckling; pectoral ocelli is moderately large, with dark bluish grey spot surrounded by a black and a yellow ring; its ventral surface whitish with reddish yellow snout tip and disc margin (Ref. 110364).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=110364&amp;speccode=68027'>Last, P.R. and B. Séret 2016 A new Eastern Central Atlantic skate &lt;i&gt;Raja parva&lt;/i&gt; sp. nov. (Rajoidei: Rajidae) belonging to the &lt;i&gt;Raja miraletus&lt;/i&gt; species complex. Zootaxa 4147(4):477-489. (Ref. 110364)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-68027</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2016-09-23 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-11-05 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
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	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=68027</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Eastern Central Atlantic:  known from Liberia, Senegal (Dakar) and Angola; probably more widspread.</dc:description>
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	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=110364&amp;speccode=68027'>Last, P.R. and B. Séret 2016 A new Eastern Central Atlantic skate &lt;i&gt;Raja parva&lt;/i&gt; sp. nov. (Rajoidei: Rajidae) belonging to the &lt;i&gt;Raja miraletus&lt;/i&gt; species complex. Zootaxa 4147(4):477-489. (Ref. 110364)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-68027</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2016-09-23 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2016-09-23 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
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	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=68027</dc:source>
	<dc:description>37.1 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 110364)); 41.1 cm TL (female)</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=110364&amp;speccode=68027'>Last, P.R. and B. Séret 2016 A new Eastern Central Atlantic skate &lt;i&gt;Raja parva&lt;/i&gt; sp. nov. (Rajoidei: Rajidae) belonging to the &lt;i&gt;Raja miraletus&lt;/i&gt; species complex. Zootaxa 4147(4):477-489. (Ref. 110364)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Threats-2</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
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	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-68027</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2016-09-23 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2016-09-23 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
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	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=68027</dc:source>
	<dc:description>benthopelagic; marine; depth range ? - 27 m (Ref. 110364)</dc:description>
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	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=110364&amp;speccode=68027'>Last, P.R. and B. Séret 2016 A new Eastern Central Atlantic skate &lt;i&gt;Raja parva&lt;/i&gt; sp. nov. (Rajoidei: Rajidae) belonging to the &lt;i&gt;Raja miraletus&lt;/i&gt; species complex. Zootaxa 4147(4):477-489. (Ref. 110364)</reference></dataObject>
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