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	<dc:identifier>FB-68045</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=68045</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Eupercaria/misc</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Callanthiidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Grammatonotus</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Grammatonotus roseus (Günther, 1880)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Mumburarr whipray</commonName>
	<dcterms:created>2016-10-07</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2016-10-07</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=110274&amp;speccode=68054'>Last, P.R., W.T. White and P.M. Kyne0 &lt;i&gt;Urogymnus acanthobothrium&lt;/i&gt; sp. nov., a new euryhaline whipray (Myliobatiformes: Dasyatidae) from Australia and Papua New Guinea. Zootaxa 4147(2):162-176. (Ref. 110274)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=114953&amp;speccode=68054'>Last, P.R., W.T. White, M.R. de Carvalho, B. Séret, M.F.W. Stehmann and G.J.P. Naylor0 Rays of the world. CSIRO Publishing, Comstock Publishing Associates. i-ix + 1-790. (Ref. 114953)</reference><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-GeneralDescr-68054</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2016-10-21 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2019-10-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=68054</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Juveniles were recorded from lower reaches of rivers at depths of 2.2-8.7 m; salinity 14.6-33.1; turbidity 367-&gt;1000 NTU.  Subadult specimens were from depths of 10-20 m.  An adult female (161.0 cm DW, 174.0 cm disc length) aborted a late embryo which was estimated to be ca. 26.5 cm DW on capture. Juveniles (5) measured 39.o - 67.2 cm DW, 43.0-72.0 cm DL, while a late adolescent male measured 103.0 cm DW,  This stingray could be traditionally hunted for food and the caudal sting can be used as a traditional knife. (Ref. 110274).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=110274&amp;speccode=68054'>Last, P.R., W.T. White and P.M. Kyne 2016 &lt;i&gt;Urogymnus acanthobothrium&lt;/i&gt; sp. nov., a new euryhaline whipray (Myliobatiformes: Dasyatidae) from Australia and Papua New Guinea. Zootaxa 4147(2):162-176. (Ref. 110274)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-DiagnosticDescr-68054</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2016-10-21 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2017-11-15 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=68054</dc:source>
	<dc:description>This species is distinguished by the following set of characters:  elongate disc suboval with the snout tip to axis of maximum width 53% DW; anterior disc margin not truncated, it is almost straight with lateral apices broadly rounded; preorbital snout broadly angular, its angle 114° and with a very small apical lobe; preorbit long, its length 26% TL, 2.1 times interorbital length; orbits are small and protruded slightly; spiracle is very large, 8.6% DW, 1.9 in orbit diameter; internasal distance is 2.0 in prenasal length, 2.8 times nostril length; preoral snout length is 2.6 times mouth width, 2.5 times internarial distance; caudal sting very large with its length more than a 30% DW; mid-scapular denticles are very small and inconspicuous; secondary denticles are very small, rather widely spaced, band delimited but margin not sharply defined, band truncate forward of eye; presence of minute upright tertiary denticles, barely visible; with a low and short-based ventral tail fold; dorsal disc colour is variable, juveniles plain dark greyish brown to yellowish brown, while in adults very finely and faintly mottled greyish white to yellowish brown; its ventral surface is largely white, posterior disc without regular dark margins; tail beyond sting white in young, while in adults it is unknown but possibly paler than anterior tail; propterygial radials 66, 3 times the number of mesopterygial radials; 151 total vertebral segments (excluding synarcual) (Ref. 110274).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=110274&amp;speccode=68054'>Last, P.R., W.T. White and P.M. Kyne 2016 &lt;i&gt;Urogymnus acanthobothrium&lt;/i&gt; sp. nov., a new euryhaline whipray (Myliobatiformes: Dasyatidae) from Australia and Papua New Guinea. Zootaxa 4147(2):162-176. (Ref. 110274)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-68054</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2016-10-21 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-11-05 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=68054</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Western Pacific:  western Australia and Papua New Guinea.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=110274&amp;speccode=68054'>Last, P.R., W.T. White and P.M. Kyne 2016 &lt;i&gt;Urogymnus acanthobothrium&lt;/i&gt; sp. nov., a new euryhaline whipray (Myliobatiformes: Dasyatidae) from Australia and Papua New Guinea. Zootaxa 4147(2):162-176. (Ref. 110274)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-68054</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2016-10-21 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2019-10-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=68054</dc:source>
	<dc:description>103 cm WD (male/unsexed; (Ref. 110274)); 161 cm WD (female)</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=110274&amp;speccode=68054'>Last, P.R., W.T. White and P.M. Kyne 2016 &lt;i&gt;Urogymnus acanthobothrium&lt;/i&gt; sp. nov., a new euryhaline whipray (Myliobatiformes: Dasyatidae) from Australia and Papua New Guinea. Zootaxa 4147(2):162-176. (Ref. 110274)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Threats-2</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
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	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-68054</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2016-10-21 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2019-10-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=68054</dc:source>
	<dc:description>benthopelagic; brackish; marine; depth range 2 - 20 m (Ref. 110274)</dc:description>
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	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=110274&amp;speccode=68054'>Last, P.R., W.T. White and P.M. Kyne 2016 &lt;i&gt;Urogymnus acanthobothrium&lt;/i&gt; sp. nov., a new euryhaline whipray (Myliobatiformes: Dasyatidae) from Australia and Papua New Guinea. Zootaxa 4147(2):162-176. (Ref. 110274)</reference></dataObject>
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