FB-68428 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=68428 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Siluriformes Astroblepidae Astroblepus Astroblepus mojicai Ardila Rodríguez, 2015 Mesobola brevianalis (non Boulenger, 1908) 2017-11-03 2017-11-03 Skelton, P.H.0 A complete guide to the freshwater fishes of southern Africa. Southern Book Publishers. 388 p. (Ref. 7248) Hay, C.J., B.J. van Zyl, F.H. van der Bank, J.T. Ferreira and G.J. Steyn0 The distribution of freshwater fish in Namibia. Cimbebasia 15:41-63. (Ref. 33857) Barnard, K.H.0 Revision of the indigenous freshwater fishes of the S.W. Cape region. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. 36(2):101-262. (Ref. 93592) Riddin, M.A., I.R. Bills and M.H. Villet0 Phylogeographic, morphometric and taxonomic re-evaluation of the river sardine, <i>Mesobola brevianalis</i> (Boulenger, 1908) (Teleostei, Cyprinidae, Chedrini). ZooKeys 641:121-150. (Ref. 116496) FB-GeneralDescr-68437 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Gert Boden 2017-11-14 22:38:02 2024-01-22 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=68437 This shoaling fish favours open, shallow water, normally occurring in slack pools and particularly below riffles; populations found in the lower Orange and Fish Rivers are limited by the Augrabies and Fish River Falls; they are restricted to turbid waters, which provide protection from visual predators (Ref. 116496). They are thought to feed mainly on small autochthonous invertebrates, e.g. planktonic crustaceans or insects, and are caught in large numbers where they occur (Ref. 116496). Riddin, M.A., I.R. Bills and M.H. Villet 2016 Phylogeographic, morphometric and taxonomic re-evaluation of the river sardine, <i>Mesobola brevianalis</i> (Boulenger, 1908) (Teleostei, Cyprinidae, Chedrini). ZooKeys 641:121-150. (Ref. 116496) FB-DiagnosticDescr-68437 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Gert Boden 2017-11-16 00:00:00 2017-11-16 17:25:17 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=68437 Diagnosis: Caudal fin membrane clear to pale orange towards midline; anal fin extending over three quarters of length of caudal peduncle; caudal peduncle short; operculum entirely, not partially, shiny; body midline silver, not black; iris dark to light grey, not white; head with tubercles along lower jaw and lower head in breeding males; snout rounded, with dense dark spotting on tip; pelvic fin melanophores absent (Ref. 116496).Description: Body elongated, somewhat fusiform, laterally compressed; maximum body depth before pelvic fin; pre-dorsal profile straight or slightly convex behind head (Ref. 116496). Head length 21% of standard length; with tubercles along lower jaw and lower head; snout rounded, short, 32% of head length; mouth terminal, slightly crescent-shaped with long anterior side, reaching anterior border of orbit; nostrils large, level with dorsal margin of eye, separated from orbit by less than one orbit radius; tubular anterior naris short, adjacent to open posterior naris; eye lateral, visible from above and below, more prominent, its diameter 32% of head length (Ref. 116496). First gill arch with 7+3 gill rakers on cerato- and epibranchial arms, respectively; gill rakers long, pointed, widely-spaced; pharyngeal bones in three rows; pharyngeal teeth 4,3,2-2,3,4, robust and long, falcate (Ref. 116496). Fins large in relation to body size; dorsal fin closer to caudal fin than tip of snout, more or less above origin of anal fin, its length 17% of standard length, posterior margin straight, rays soft, anterior-most branched fin ray longest; pectoral fins largest, reaching 1/2 to 3/4 distance to base of pelvic fin, fin lacking lobe at base; pelvic fins reaching 2/3 distance to base of anal fin, relatively small, pointed, fin lacking a basal lobe; anal fin moderately long, extending over 3/4 length of caudal peduncle, last unbranched ray longest; ano-genital opening at anterior of base of anal fin; caudal peduncle short, half of length; caudal fin forked, lobes pointed, upper lobe shorter (Ref. 116496). Scales small to medium relative to body size, in regular rows, cycloid, slightly elongated, radially striate; base of anal fin lacking sheath of enlarged, elongate scales; lateral line present, complete, dipping drastically towards ventral at tip of pectoral fin, joins midline at posterior of caudal peduncle, scale count 49-51 along lateral line, 14-16 around caudal peduncle (Ref. 116496).Colouration: Live colouration: body without vertical bars or bands; dorsum transparent pale brown with melanophores concentrated around dorsal fin, midline silver; snout with dense dark spotting on tip; operculum entirely metallic silver; iris dark to light grey; dorsal fin membrane clear, rays clear, melanophores fading towards tips; caudal fin membrane clear to pale orange towards midline, rays dark grey, lighter towards tips, melanophores small, dark, fading towards rear; anal fin rays clear, membrane clear, pale orange spotting above origin, melanophores few to absent; pectoral fin membranes clear, rays clear, first ray few dark melanophores; pelvic fin rays clear, membrane clear (Ref. 116496). Preserved colouration: body and head orange with small dark brown spotting along dorsal surface, midline and above anal fin; scales on dorsal surface lightly pigmented; ventral scale pigmentation less intense than dorsal; dorsal surface of head lightly pigmented; melanophores small, dark, grouped on rear of head, below orbit, and on lips and snout, along midline, increasing in intensity to caudal fin, brownish on dorsal surface, darkening between origin of pectoral and dorsal fin, forming small dark line above anal fin; membranes between fin rays clear; pelvic fin clear membranes and rays (Ref. 116496). Riddin, M.A., I.R. Bills and M.H. Villet 2016 Phylogeographic, morphometric and taxonomic re-evaluation of the river sardine, <i>Mesobola brevianalis</i> (Boulenger, 1908) (Teleostei, Cyprinidae, Chedrini). ZooKeys 641:121-150. (Ref. 116496) FB-Morphology-68437 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Gert Boden 2017-11-16 00:00:00 2017-11-16 17:25:17 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=68437 Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 9 - 10; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 17 - 19; Vertebrae: 36 - 38 Riddin, M.A., I.R. Bills and M.H. Villet 2016 Phylogeographic, morphometric and taxonomic re-evaluation of the river sardine, <i>Mesobola brevianalis</i> (Boulenger, 1908) (Teleostei, Cyprinidae, Chedrini). ZooKeys 641:121-150. (Ref. 116496) FB-Distribution-68437 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Gert Boden 2017-11-14 22:45:19 2019-02-04 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=68437 Africa: Orange River, below the Augrabies Falls, and its tributary the Gt. Fish River, in South Africa and Namibia (Ref. 93592, 116496). Riddin, M.A., I.R. Bills and M.H. Villet 2016 Phylogeographic, morphometric and taxonomic re-evaluation of the river sardine, <i>Mesobola brevianalis</i> (Boulenger, 1908) (Teleostei, Cyprinidae, Chedrini). ZooKeys 641:121-150. (Ref. 116496) FB-TrophicStrategy-68437 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Gert Boden 2017-11-16 17:59:17 2017-11-16 17:59:17 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ gariepinus This shoaling fish favours open, shallow water, normally occurring in slack pools and particularly below riffles; populations found in the lower Orange and Fish Rivers are limited by the Augrabies and Fish River Falls; they are restricted to turbid waters, which provide protection from visual predators (Ref. 116496). Riddin, M.A., I.R. Bills and M.H. Villet 2016 Phylogeographic, morphometric and taxonomic re-evaluation of the river sardine, <i>Mesobola brevianalis</i> (Boulenger, 1908) (Teleostei, Cyprinidae, Chedrini). ZooKeys 641:121-150. (Ref. 116496) FB-Size-68437 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Gert Boden 2017-11-14 22:38:02 2024-01-22 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=68437 4.7 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 116496)) Riddin, M.A., I.R. Bills and M.H. Villet 2016 Phylogeographic, morphometric and taxonomic re-evaluation of the river sardine, <i>Mesobola brevianalis</i> (Boulenger, 1908) (Teleostei, Cyprinidae, Chedrini). ZooKeys 641:121-150. (Ref. 116496) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-68437 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Gert Boden 2017-11-14 22:38:02 2024-01-22 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=68437 benthopelagic; freshwater