FB-8811 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8811 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Siluriformes Trichomycteridae Vandellia Vandellia cirrhosa Valenciennes, 1846 Wandelia a. kandyra Candiru Candiru de cavalo Almindelig snyltemalle Candiru Candiru Kandiru Loismonni ванделлия кандиру сомик -кандиру Canero Kandira 寄生鯰 寄生鲶 普氏寄生鯰 普氏寄生鲶 紅尾錘形鯰 红尾锤形鲶 Plectrochilus erythrurus (Eigenmann, 1922) Urinophilus erythrurus Eigenmann, 1922 Vandellia balzanii Perugia, 1897 Vandellia gigantea Cornalia, 1849 Vandellia plazae Günther, 1864 Vandellia plazaii Castelnau, 1855 1994-02-22 2016-01-07 Wheeler, A.0 Das grosse Buch der Fische. Eugen Ulmer GmbH & Co. Stuttgart. 356 p. (Ref. 557) Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott0 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537) Grabda, E. and T. Heese0 Polskie nazewnictwo popularne kraglouste i ryby. Cyclostomata et Pisces. Wyzsza Szkola Inzynierska w Koszalinie. Koszalin, Poland. 171 p. (in Polish). (Ref. 6313) Burgess, W.E.0 An atlas of freshwater and marine catfishes. A preliminary survey of the Siluriformes. T.F.H. Publications, Inc., Neptune City, New Jersey (USA). 784 p. (Ref. 6868) Porto, J.I.R., E. Feldberg, C.M. Nakayama and J.N. Falcao0 A checklist of chromosome numbers and karyotypes of Amazonian freshwater fishes. Rev. Hydrobiol. Trop. 25(4):287-299. (Ref. 7052) Pereira, R.0 Peixes de nossa terra. Livraria Nobel, Sao Paulo, Brazil. 129 p. (Ref. 7145) Varjo, M.0 Kalannimiluettelo (List of Finnish fish names). 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Greven0 Database of fish chromosomes. Westarp Wissenschaften. (Ref. 34370) Scheel, J.J.0 Fish chromosomes and their evolution. Interval Report of Danmarks Akvarium, Charlottenlund, Denmark. (Ref. 35080) Anonymous0 The icthyological collection of the Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). Division of Ichthyology and Herpetology, Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). (Ref. 35508) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732) de Pínna, M.C.C. and W. Wosiacki0 Trichomycteridae (pencil or parasitic catfishes). p. 270-290. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 39970) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414) Ricker, W.E.0 Russian-English dictionary for students of fisheries and aquatic biology. Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Ottawa. (Ref. 48321) Spotte, S.0 Candiru: life and legend of the bloodsucking catfishes. Creative Art Book, Berkeley. 322 p. (Ref. 50919) Zuanon, J. and I. Sazima0 Vampire catfishes seek the aorta not the jugular: candirus of the genus <i>Vandellia</i> (Trichomycteridae) feed on major gill arteries of host fishes. aqua, J. Ichthyol. Aquat. Biol. 8(1):31-36. (Ref. 50921) Carl, H.0 Danish fish names. Zoological Museum of Copenhagen. Unpublished. (Ref. 51471) Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.)0 Catalog of fishes. Updated database version of April 2006. Database dump. Catalog databases as made available to FishBase in April 2006. (Ref. 56787) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. 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Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-pic-8811-10539 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif Robbie N. Cada 1993-07-01 2008-06-25 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Image can be freely copied and altered, as long as original author and source are properly acknowledged. WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8811 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Vacir_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Vacir_u0.gif FB-GeneralDescr-8811 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1994-02-22 00:00:00 2016-01-07 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8811 Enters the gill cavity of larger fish to suck blood; burrows in sandy bottoms. Known to enter the urethra of humans urinating under water; presumably it mistakes the urea for water exhausted from gills. When inactive, it remains buried in soft, muddy bottom. Active both during daytime and at night while foraging for blood (Ref. 50921). Uses visual and chemo-sensory orientation to find potential hosts (Ref. 50919, 50921). Forces itself under the gill cover of host fish to enter gill chamber during ventilation of the latter. Bites mostly at the ventral or dorsal aorta arteries, and the blood is pumped into its gut by the host's blood pressure. It does not need any special sucking or pumping mechanism to quickly engorge itself with blood, but simply uses its needle-like teeth to make an incision in an artery. Thus, the notion of the blood-sucking candiru is a misleading concept. Able to engorge itself enormously, the ingested blood is visible through the swollen belly. Some kind of valve or sphincter is likely present to prevent reflux of ingested blood. Time required to engorge itself with blood and leave host’s gill chamber ranges from 30 to 145 seconds. Some host fish species (Colossoma macropomum) are able to hamper candiru’s attacks by pressing it under the membranous gill-cover flap, or by using its pectoral fin to press it against the flank or to sweep it from the gill-cover edge (Ref. 50921). de Pínna, M.C.C. and W. Wosiacki 2003 Trichomycteridae (pencil or parasitic catfishes). p. 270-290. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 39970) FB-Distribution-8811 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1994-02-22 00:00:00 2024-01-11 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8811 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution South America: Amazon River basin. de Pínna, M.C.C. and W. Wosiacki 2003 Trichomycteridae (pencil or parasitic catfishes). p. 270-290. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 39970) FB-Uses-8811 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1994-02-22 00:00:00 2016-01-07 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8811 fisheries: of no interest Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott 1991 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537) FB-Size-8811 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1994-02-22 00:00:00 2016-01-07 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8811 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size 17.0 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 39970)) de Pínna, M.C.C. and W. Wosiacki 2003 Trichomycteridae (pencil or parasitic catfishes). p. 270-290. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 39970) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-8811 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1994-02-22 00:00:00 2016-01-07 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8811 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat demersal; freshwater