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	<dc:identifier>FB-9278</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9278</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Siluriformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Auchenoglanididae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Parauchenoglanis</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Parauchenoglanis punctatus (Boulenger, 1902)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Ikakanga</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Lianga</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Likanga</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Mâchoiron à taches</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Mvong</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>丰满项鲿</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>伊氏項鱨</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>伊氏项鲿</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>斑項鱨</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>斑项鲿</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>豐滿項鱨</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Auchenoglanis grandis Fowler, 1936</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Auchenoglanis iturii Steindachner, 1911</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Auchenoglanis punctatus Boulenger, 1902</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Pauchenoglanis punctatus (Boulenger, 1902)</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1994-04-13</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-04-16</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=3236&amp;speccode=9278'>Risch, L.M.0 Bagridae. p. 2-35. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3236)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4517&amp;speccode=9278'>Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=12468&amp;speccode=9278'>Baensch, H.A. and R. Riehl0 Aquarien Atlas. Band 4. Mergus Verlag GmbH, Verlag für Natur-und Heimtierkunde, Melle, Germany. 864 p. (Ref. 12468)</reference>
	<reference isbn='957-8596-59-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31517&amp;speccode=9278'>Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31982&amp;speccode=9278'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=38732&amp;speccode=9278'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=50834&amp;speccode=9278'>Geerinckx, T., D. Adriaens, G.G. Teugels and W. Verraes0 A systematic revision of the African catfish genus &lt;i&gt;Parauchenoglanis&lt;/i&gt; (Siluriformes: Claroteidae). J. Nat. Hist. 38:775-803. (Ref. 50834)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=54270&amp;speccode=9278'>Direction Générale des Pêches et de l'Aquaculture (DGPA)0 Principaux poissons commerciaux du Gabon. Ministere de l'Economie Forestiere, des Eaux, de la Peche, Charge de l'Environnmente et de la Protection de la Nature. In cooperation with Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). Poster. (Ref. 54270)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58108&amp;speccode=9278'>Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=74661&amp;speccode=9278'>Geerinckx, T., D. Adriaens and G.G. Teugels0 Auchenoglanidinae. p. 587-607. In M.L.J. Stiassny, G.G. Teugels and C.D. Hopkins (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of Lower Guinea, West-Central Africa. Volume I. Collection Faune et Flore tropicales 42. Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France, and Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgium. 800 pp. (Ref. 74661)</reference>
	<reference isbn='978-3-936027-83-9' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=78218&amp;speccode=9278'>Seegers, L.0 The catfishes of Africa: A handbook for identification and maintenance. Aqualog Verlag A.C.S. GmbH, Germany. 604 p. (Ref. 78218)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=81642&amp;speccode=9278'>Geerinckx, T., L. Risch, E.J. Vreven, D. Adriaens and G.G. Teugels0 Claroteidae. p. 587-629. In M.L.J. Stiassny, G.G. Teugels and C.D. Hopkins (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of Lower Guinea, West-Central Africa. Volume I. Collection Faune et Flore tropicales 42. Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France, and Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgium. 800 pp. (Ref. 81642)</reference>
	<reference isbn='978-90-8649-320-3' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=88782&amp;speccode=9278'>Ibala Zamba, A.0 Faune des poissons des rivières Luki et Léfini (bassin du Congo): diversité et écologie. Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Faculty of Sciences, Leuven (Belgium): 452 p. (Ref. 88782)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=89725&amp;speccode=9278'>Mbimbi Mayi Munene, J.J. and M.L.J. Stiassny0 Fishes of the Kwilu River (Kasai basin, central Africa): a list of species collected in the vicinity of Kikwit, Bandundu Province, Democratic Republic of Congo. Check List 7(5):691-699. (Ref. 89725)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=93897&amp;speccode=9278'>Monsembula Iyaba, R.J.C. and M.L.J. Stiassny0 Fishes of the Salonga National Park (Congo basin, central Africa): a list of species collected in the Luilaka, Salonga, and Yenge Rivers (Equateur Province, Democratic Republic of Congo). Check List 9(2):246-256. (Ref. 93897)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=98754&amp;speccode=9278'>Lingofo Bolaya, R.0 Common names of some fish species found in the Isangi Territory (Tshopo District, Orientale Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo). Unpublished compilation of R. Lingofo Bolaya. (Ref. 98754)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=106245&amp;speccode=9278'>Moelants, T.0 Diversity and ecology of the ichthyofauna of the Middle and Upper Congo basin: a case-study in the region of the Wagenia falls (Democratic Republic of the Congo). KULeuven, Faculty of Science, Leuven (Belgium), 320p. (Ref. 106245)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=106290&amp;speccode=9278'>Decru, E.0 The ichthyofauna in the Central Congo basin: diversity and distribution in the north-eastern tributaries. KULeuven, Faculty of Science, Leuven (Belgium), 303p. (Ref. 106290)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=124477&amp;speccode=9278'>Zamba, A.I., E. Vreven, V. Mamonekene, T. Musschoot, H.F.P. Ngot and J. Snoeks0 Length-weight relationships of 37 freshwater fish species from the Lefini river, middle Congo River basin (Republic of the Congo). J. Appl. Ichthyol. 36:352-357. (Ref. 124477)</reference><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-DiagnosticDescr-9278</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='http://www.africamuseum.be#' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Tobias Musschoot</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2017-08-09 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2017-08-09 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:description>Diagnosis: caudal peduncle short and deep, its depth twice as large as the horizontal distance between the adipose and caudal fin bases and in some specimens even deeper; anterior edge of pectoral spine fully serrate with serrations that are smaller but more numerous than those along posterior edge of spine; barbels very long, e.g. external mandibular barbel reaching beyond tip of pectoral spine, maxillary barbel reaching at least to pectoral spine base; adipose fin always high and solid; typical colour pattern consisting of 6-10 (11) vertical rows of black dots (Ref. 81642).Description: head and body moderately deep and elevated; head depth greater than (rarely equal to) preorbital length; adipose fin solid and higher than in other species (except for some adults of P. altipinnis).(Ref. 81642).Coloration: preserved specimens: brown, with head usually darker than rest of body; flanks with 6-10 (11) vertical series of black or dark brown spots, these spots smaller than eyes, discrete and not merged together; ventrum pale yellow or creamy white; fins may or may not be spotted (Ref. 81642).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=81642&amp;speccode=9278'>Geerinckx, T., L. Risch, E.J. Vreven, D. Adriaens and G.G. Teugels 2007 Claroteidae. p. 587-629. In M.L.J. Stiassny, G.G. Teugels and C.D. Hopkins (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of Lower Guinea, West-Central Africa. Volume I. Collection Faune et Flore tropicales 42. Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France, and Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgium. 800 pp. (Ref. 81642)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Morphology-9278</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='http://www.africamuseum.be#' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Tobias Musschoot</agent>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9278</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>Dorsal spines (total): 2</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=81642&amp;speccode=9278'>Geerinckx, T., L. Risch, E.J. Vreven, D. Adriaens and G.G. Teugels 2007 Claroteidae. p. 587-629. In M.L.J. Stiassny, G.G. Teugels and C.D. Hopkins (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of Lower Guinea, West-Central Africa. Volume I. Collection Faune et Flore tropicales 42. Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France, and Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgium. 800 pp. (Ref. 81642)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-9278</dc:identifier>
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	<dcterms:created>1994-04-13 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2021-07-13 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9278</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Africa:  Benito River (Equatorial Guinea), Ogooué basin (Gabon) and lower and middle Congo River basin, including Pool Malebo (Ref. 50834, 74661) and up to the Wagenia Falls (Ref. 106245).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=3236&amp;speccode=9278'>Risch, L.M. 1986 Bagridae. p. 2-35. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3236)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Uses-9278</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Pascualita Sa-a</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1994-04-13 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<dc:title>Importance</dc:title>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9278</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>fisheries: of no interest</dc:description>
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	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-9278</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Pascualita Sa-a</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1994-04-13 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-04-16 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>41.0 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 50834))</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=50834&amp;speccode=9278'>Geerinckx, T., D. Adriaens, G.G. Teugels and W. Verraes 2004 A systematic revision of the African catfish genus &lt;i&gt;Parauchenoglanis&lt;/i&gt; (Siluriformes: Claroteidae). J. Nat. Hist. 38:775-803. (Ref. 50834)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses</subject>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-9278</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Pascualita Sa-a</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1994-04-13 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>demersal; freshwater</dc:description>
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