Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Écologie
marin démersal; profondeur ? - 146 m (Ref. 58018). Subtropical; 38°N - 9°N
Western Atlantic: Virginia, USA and Bahamas to Venezuela.
Taille / Poids / Âge
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 33.4 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 55642)
Épines dorsales (Total): 12; Rayons mous dorsaux (Total): 9; Épines anales 3; Rayons mous anaux: 5. Snout short and almost equal to orbit diameter; third dorsal spine not elongated (Ref. 13608).
Have a thick glandular tissue on posterior margin of fin spines which is believed to be venomous (Ref. 57406).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturité | Reproduction | Frai | Œufs | Fécondité | Larves
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
Statut dans la liste rouge de l'IUCN (Ref. 130435)
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