>
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Cynoscion: Greek, kyon = dog + Greek, odous = teeth + Greek, skion, skiaina = barbel, red mullet (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cuvier.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / ລະດັບຄວາມເລິກ / distribution range
ນິເວດວິທະຍາ
ສັດທະເລ; ນ້ຳກ່ອຍ ອາໄສຢູ່ໃກ້ໜ້າດິນໃຕ້ພື້ນທ້ອງນ້ຳ; ລະດັບຄວາມເລິກ 6 - 70 m (Ref. 3702). Tropical; 14°N - 24°S, 84°W - 34°W
Western Atlantic: Nicaragua to Santos, Brazil.
ຂະໜາດ / ນ້ຳໜັກ / Age
ການຈະເລີນເຕັມໄວ: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 115 cm TL ຕົວຜູ້/ບໍ່ມີເພດ; (Ref. 40637); common length : 65.0 cm TL ຕົວຜູ້/ບໍ່ມີເພດ; (Ref. 3702); ນ້ຳໜັກສູງສຸດທີ່ເຄຍຈັດພີມມາ: 4.4 kg (Ref. 125970)
ຄີ (ໜາມ)ແຂງຢູ່ຫຼັງປາ (ທັງໝົດ) : 11; ຄີຫຼັງຂອງປາ (ຄີອ່ອນ) (ທັງໝົດ) : 27 - 31; ຄີ(ໜາມ) ແຂງຢູ່ຄີກົ້ນປາ
ກຸ່ມປາກະດູກແຂງ
ຄວາມຖີ່ຂອງກຸ່ມຖ່າຍທອດພັນ
ປາທີ່ມີການເຄື່ອນຍ້າຍຈາກທະເລໄປຫານ້ຳຈືດ ແລະນ້ຳຈືດຫາທະເລ
ປາທີ່ມີການເຄື່ອນຍ້າຍຈາກທະເລແລະໄປໄຂ່ຢູ່ນ້ຳຈືດ
ຄີກົ້ນຂອງປາ
ສັດທີ່ມີກະດູກສັນຫັຼງ
ການຖ່າຍທອດທາງກຳມະພັນຈາກພໍ່ແມ່ຫາລູກ: 2; ຄີກົ້ນຂອງປາ: 8. Greyish to brownish above, silvery below. Upper sides sometimes with inconspicuous minute dark dots. Dorsal fin dusky, its spinous portion black-edged. Soft dorsal fin with dark spots on each ray. Pectoral and pelvic fins as well as anal fin yellowish to orange. Caudal fin dusky. Inside mouth orange. Mouth large, distinctly oblique, lower jaw projecting. Upper jaw with a pair of large canine-like teeth at tip. Chin without barbels or pores. Snout with 2 marginal pores. Gas bladder with a pair of long, curved, horn-like appendages. Sagitta (large earstone) elongate, with a notch on dorsal margin. Soft portion of dorsal fin membranes unscaled except 2 or 3 rows of scales at base (Ref 51721).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Usually found over sandy mud bottoms in coastal waters near river mouths (Ref. 3702). Adults stay in deep waters during the day and swim to the surface at night (Ref. 35237). Juveniles inhabit estuaries. Marketed fresh; its flesh is of excellent quality (Ref. 3702). Its swim bladder is being used to make glue (Ref. 35237).
Life cycle and mating behavior
ການຈະເລີນເຕັມໄວ | ການສືບພັນ | ການວາງໄຂ່ | ໄຂ່ | ຄວາມດົກຂອງໄຂ່ປາ | ຕົວອ່ອນ
Cervigón, F., 1993. Los peces marinos de Venezuela. Volume 2. Fundación Científica Los Roques, Caracas,Venezuela. 497 p. (Ref. 9626)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
ການປະມົງ: ເປັນສີນຄ້າ; ຊະນິດປາທີ່ຖືກນຳໃຊ້ເຂົ້າໃນການຫາເພື່ອເປັນເກມກິລາ: ແມ່ນ
ເຄື່ອງມື
Special reports
Download XML
ແຫຼ່ງອີນເຕີເນັດ
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ
123201): 26.7 - 28, mean 27.4 °C (based on 112 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00661 (0.00533 - 0.00819), b=3.06 (3.04 - 3.08), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
ຊັ້ນເຂດຮ້ອນ (ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ
69278): 4.0 ±0.70 se; based on food items.
ຄວາມຢືດຢຸ່ນ (ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ
120179): ຕຳ່, ປະຊາກອນຕຳ່ສຸດທີ່ໃຊ້ເວລາສອງເທົ່າ 4.5 - 14 ປີ (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Prior r = 0.26, 95% CL = 0.17 - 0.38, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (69 of 100).
🛈
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 67.7 [40.4, 126.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.787 [0.413, 1.359] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [17.0, 20.3] %; Omega3 = 0.208 [0.114, 0.339] g/100g; Selenium = 65.4 [34.7, 122.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 13.3 [5.1, 37.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.939 [0.680, 1.330] mg/100g (wet weight);
