Makaira mazara, Indo-Pacific blue marlin : fisheries, gamefish

Makaira mazara (Jordan & Snyder, 1901)

Indo-Pacific blue marlin
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Image of Makaira mazara (Indo-Pacific blue marlin)
Makaira mazara
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> Carangiformes (Jacks) > Istiophoridae (Billfishes)
Etymology: Makaira: Greek,makaira, -as = happy, rich (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Jordan & Snyder.

Taxonomic Remarks
Uncertain as Makaira mazara (Jordan & Snyder 1901). Istiophoridae. Distribution: Tropical and temperate Indo-Pacific [if valid]. ECoF ver. 15 Aug 2025.

Umwelt: Milieu / Klimazone / Tiefenbereich / Verbreitungsgebiet Ökologie

seewasser pelagic-oceanic; ozeanodrom (Ref. 71039); tiefenbereich 0 - 200 m (Ref. 43), usually 100 - ? m (Ref. 6390). Subtropical; 21°C - ? (Ref. 30368); 44°N - 40°S, 30°E - 74°W (Ref. 43)

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Indo-Pacific: in tropical, subtropical and sometimes temperate waters (Ref. 9692). It is the most tropical billfish species and is common in equatorial waters. However, many scientists do not view Makaira mazara and Makaira nigricans as distinct species, and that the latter species has been considered as a single pantropical species occurring in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Highly migratory species.

Länge bei der ersten Reifung / Größe / Gewicht / Alter

Geschlechtsreife: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 500 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 30874); common length : 350 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 9308); max. veröff. Gewicht: 170.0 kg (Ref. 6390); max. veröff. Gewicht: 170.0 kg; max. veröff. Alter: 28 Jahre (Ref. 30371)

Kurzbeschreibung Bestimmungsschlüssel | Morphologie | Morphometrie

Rückenflossenweichstrahlen (insgesamt) : 40 - 45; Afterflossenweichstrahlen: 18 - 24; Wirbelzahl: 24. Body elongated and not very compressed; upper jaw produced into a robust but not very long beak; two dorsal fins, the height of the first less then the greatest body depth, short anteriorly, taller in the middle, then becoming shorter posteriorly; pectoral fins falcate and flexible, with 21 to 23 rays; body densely covered with small, embedded scales with 1 or 2 sharp points; back dark blue, with 15 bluish bars across the flanks; belly pale silver; membrane of first dorsal fin blue black, with dark spots (Ref. 55763). Dark blue above, silvery white below; sometimes with light blue vertical stripes; 1st dorsal fin blackish to dark blue, other fins dark brown with tinges of dark blue in some specimens. Body blue-black dorsally and silvery white ventrally, with about 25 pale, cobalt-colored stripes, each consisting of round dots or narrow bars (may not always be visible especially in preserved specimens). Bill long, extremely stout and round in cross section. Nape conspicuously elevated. Right and left branchiostegal membranes completely united together, but free from isthmus. No gill rakers. Body densely covered with elongate, thick, bony scales, each often with 1 or 2, sometimes 3, posterior points. Caudal peduncle with strong double keels on each side and a shallow notch on both the dorsal and ventral surfaces.
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: oval.

Biologie     Fachlexikon (Englisch) (z.B. epibenthic)

Epipelagic and oceanic species mostly confined to the waters on the warmer side of the 24°C surface isotherm and known to effect seasonal north-south migrations. Not usually seen close to land masses or islands, unless there is a deep drop-off of the shelf. Remain mostly within the upper 37 m. Believed to form small-scale schools of at most 10 individuals. Larger fish tend to swim solitarily (Ref. 43) but smaller ones form schools of about 10 individuals (Ref. 9987). Feed on squids, tuna-like fishes, crustaceans and cephalopods (Ref. 9308). Also caught with troll lines (Ref. 9308). The flesh is of good quality and is marketed frozen and prepared as sashimi and sausages in Japan (Ref. 9308); also utilized fresh (Ref. 9987). Also Ref. 9692.

Lebenszyklus und Paarungsverhalten Geschlechtsreife | Fortpflanzung | Ablaichen | Eier | Fruchtbarkeit | Larven

Spawning probably takes place year-round in equatorial waters to 10° latitude (although 1 study has suggested this needs verification) and during summer periods in both hemispheres to 30° latitude, in both the Indian and Pacific oceans (Ref. 6390). In the southern hemisphere, concentrations of spawning fish probably occur around French Polynesia (Ref. 30354).

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Nakamura, I., 1985. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 5. Billfishes of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of marlins, sailfishes, spearfishes and swordfishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(5):65p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 43)

IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))


CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Bedrohung für Menschen

  Harmless





Nutzung durch Menschen

Fischereien: kommerziell; Sportfisch: ja
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Schätzungen auf der Grundlage von Modellen

Bevorzugte Temperatur (Ref. 123201): 13.6 - 25.2, mean 19.3 °C (based on 408 cells).
Phylogenetischer Diversitätsindex (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.7505   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00447 (0.00195 - 0.01025), b=3.14 (2.94 - 3.34), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Trophische Ebene (Ref. 69278):  4.5   ±0.89 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 9.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies.
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref. 120179):  niedrig, Verdopplung der Population dauert 4,5 - 14 Jahre. (rm=0.104; K=0.12-0.29; tm=4; tmax=28; Fec=31 million).
Anfälligkeit der Fischerei (Ref. 59153):  High to very high vulnerability (70 of 100). 🛈
Klimaanfälligkeit (Ref. 125649):  Very high vulnerability (84 of 100). 🛈
Preiskategorie (Ref. 80766):   High.
Nährstoffe (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 21.5 [10.2, 35.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.804 [0.465, 1.353] mg/100g; Protein = 19.6 [18.5, 20.7] %; Omega3 = 0.197 [0.102, 0.367] g/100g; Selenium = 49.6 [25.5, 95.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 5.18 [1.68, 16.00] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.331 [0.229, 0.481] mg/100g (wet weight);