分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 居於水底的; 深度上下限 30 - 137 m (Ref. 9330). 亞熱帶的; 37°N - 20°N, 123°W - 105°W
Eastern Pacific: Monterey Bay in California, USA to the Gulf of California.
東太平洋: 在美國加州到加州灣的蒙德勒海灣。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 40.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 2850); common length : 35.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9330)
Utilized fresh and is said to be an excellent foodfish.
生鮮使用與據說一個優良的食用魚。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Oviparous (Ref. 101737). Distinct pairing (Ref. 205). Females produce numerous eggs in multiple spawnings during a prolonged spawning period (Ref. 101737).東太平洋: 在美國加州到加州灣的蒙德勒海灣。
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
人類使用
漁業: 自給性漁業
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 13.2 - 19.8, mean 17.1 °C (based on 16 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00912 (0.00470 - 0.01771), b=3.08 (2.90 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.2 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Generation time: 6.3 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=3; K=0.17).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (48 of 100).