Environment: milieu / climate zone / نطاق العمق / distribution range
البيئة
; المياه العذبة القاع; غير مهاجرة. Temperate; 10°C - 28°C (Ref. 2059); 42°N - 35°N, 6°W - 20°E
Europe: Spain along the Mediterranean coast between Tortosa and Cape San Antonio. Historical record from near Perpignan (France) where it is extirpated.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
النضج: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 8.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 27139); 8.0 cm TL (female); العمر: 4 سنين (Ref. 59043)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 0; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 10 - 11; شوكة شرجية: 0; أشعه شرجية لينه: 12 - 14. Diagnosed from other species of Valenciidae, Fundulidae and Cyprinodontidae in Europe by the following characters: male with caudal yellow to orange, with reddish-brown posterior margin; spots organized into 4-7 vertical rows; dorsal and anal fins of adult males reaching caudal fin; 28-29 scales in midlateral series on body; anal fin usually with 12-13 rays; pectoral fin with 13-14 rays; male bluish to greyish, with numerous very narrow darker bars, not always distinct anteriorly, iridescent spots absent (Ref. 59043).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
A short-lived species. Adults are found in swamps, lagoons, springs and associated wetlands and other water bodies with little current and plenty of vegetation (Ref. 30578). They feed mainly on crustaceans and insect larvae (Ref. 59043). Threatened due to habitat destruction, water abstraction, pollution (Ref. 26100) and competition with the introduced Gambusia holbrooki (Ref. 59043). The first toothcarp in the German aquarium trade. Not a seasonal killifish. Difficult to maintain in aquarium (Ref. 27139).
Life cycle and mating behavior
النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | Larvae
Eggs are laid in batches of 10-30 eggs (Ref. 59043).
Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof, 2007. Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: غير ذات اهمية; حوض مائي: تجاري
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (مرجع
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01122 (0.00514 - 0.02450), b=3.04 (2.87 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (مرجع
69278): 3.5 ±0.46 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 1.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
المرونه (مرجع
120179): وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (tmax=4; Fec=200).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (14 of 100).
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